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Mechanical Ventilation: HFV

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Textbook of Clinical Pediatrics

Basic Principles

Like with any other mode of mechanical ventilation, the basic goal of high-frequency ventilation (HFV) is to deliver oxygen to and clear carbon dioxide from the blood, while minimizing ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) as much as possible. In order to achieve this goal, a constant pressure, often referred to as mean airway pressure or continuous distending pressure (CDP), is applied to the lungs. This CDP stabilizes airways and alveoli/saccules. Superimposed on this CDP are small pressure swings, usually at a frequency of 6–15 Hz or 240–900 cycles/min, resulting in small volume changes of approximately 1–3 ml/kg. Despite the fact that these volume changes are sometimes smaller than the anatomical dead space, HFV is very efficient in clearing carbon dioxide from the lungs. Some of the mechanisms responsible for adequate gas exchange during HFV are coaxial flow, asymmetric velocity profiles, the pendelluft effect and molecular diffusion.

High-Frequency Modalities

Ther...

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neonatology, Emma Children’s Hospital, Academic Medical Center, P.O. Box 22700, 1100 DD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Anton H. van Kaam (MD, PhD)

  2. Department of Pediatrics, Women and Infants Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA

    Martin Keszler (MD)

Authors
  1. Anton H. van Kaam
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  2. Martin Keszler
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Anton H. van Kaam .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia

    Abdelaziz Y. Elzouki (Professor of Pediatrics) (Professor of Pediatrics)

  2. National Center of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (NCAAI), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Harb A. Harfi (Director) (Director)

  3. Consultant Pediatric Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Islamic Hospital, Amman, Jordan

    Hisham M. Nazer

  4. Seattle Children's Hospital University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA

    F. Bruder Stapleton (Professor and Chair Department of Pediatrics) (Professor and Chair Department of Pediatrics)

  5. Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Woman and Infants Hospital, Providence, RI, USA

    William Oh (Professor of Pediatrics) (Professor of Pediatrics)

  6. University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA

    Richard J. Whitley (Professor of Pediatrics) (Professor of Pediatrics)

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© 2012 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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van Kaam, A.H., Keszler, M. (2012). Mechanical Ventilation: HFV. In: Elzouki, A.Y., Harfi, H.A., Nazer, H.M., Stapleton, F.B., Oh, W., Whitley, R.J. (eds) Textbook of Clinical Pediatrics. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02202-9_20

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02202-9_20

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-02201-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-02202-9

  • eBook Packages: MedicineReference Module Medicine

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