Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Berthierine

  • Reference work entry
  • First Online:
Encyclopedia of Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks

Part of the book series: Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series ((EESS))

Introduction

Berthierine is an iron-rich, aluminous, 1:1-type layer silicate belonging to the serpentine group (Bailey, 1980; Brindley, 1980, 1981). The name honors Berthier, who reported the first studies of this mineral in 1827. In the past, this clay mineral was also known as septechlorite, septechamosite, chamosite, 7Ã¥-chamosite, and 7Ã¥-chlorite, but berthierine is now the accepted name (Brindley et al., 1968). Berthierine was considered rare until recently. The failure to recognize berthierine arose mostly from its chemical similarity to Fe-rich chlorite (chamosite); these phases share many significant X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) lines. The ease with which berthierine can be mistaken for kaolinite in XRD patterns of oriented crystal aggregates has also contributed to its misidentification (Moore and Reynolds, 1997, p. 139).

Berthierine is chemically and structurally similar to odinite. However, odinite is now formally recognized as a distinct 0.7 nm phase (Bailey, 1988a), and...

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Bibliography

  • Ahn, J.H., and Peacor, D.R., 1985. Transmission electron microscopic study of diagenetic chlorite in Gulf Coast argillaceous sediments. Clays and Clay Minerals, 33: 228–236.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bailey, S.W., 1980. Structures of layer silicates. In Brindley, G.W., and Brown, G. (eds.), Crystal Structures of Clay Minerals and their X-ray Identification. London: Mineralogical Society, Monograph No. 5, pp. 1–124.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bailey, S.W., 1988a. Odinite, a new dioctahedral-trioctahedral Fe3+-rich 1:1 clay mineral. Clay Minerals, 23: 237–247.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bailey, S.W., 1988b. Structures and compositions of other trioctahedral 1:1 phyllosilicates. In Bailey, S.W. (ed.), Hydrous Phyllosilicates (Exclusive of Micas). Mineralogical Society of America, Reviews in Mineralogy, Volume 19, pp. 169–188.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bhattacharyya, D.P., 1983. Origin of berthierine in ironstones. Clays and Clay Minerals, 31: 173–182.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brindley, G.W., 1980. Order-disorder in clay mineral structures. In Brindley, G.W., and Brown, G. (eds.), Crystal Structures of Clay Minerals and their X-ray Identification. London: Mineralogical Society, Monograph No. 5, pp. 125–195.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brindley, G.W., 1981. Structures and chemical compositions of clay minerals. In Longstaffe, F.J. (ed.), Clays and the Resource Geologist. Mineralogical Association of Canada, Short Course No. 7, pp. 1–21.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brindley, G.W., 1982. Chemical compositions of berthierines—a Review. Clays and Clay Minerals, 30: 153–155.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brindley, G.W., Bailey, S.W., Faust, G.T., Forman, S.A., and Rich, C.I., 1968. Report of the Nomenclature Committee (1966–67) of the Clay Minerals Society. Clays and Clay Minerals, 16: 322–324.

    Google Scholar 

  • Burton, J.H., Krinsley, D.H., and Pye, K., 1987. Authigenesis of kaolinite and chlorite in Texas Gulf Coast sediments. Clays and Clay Minerals, 35: 291–296.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fritz, S.J., and Toth, T.A., 1997. An Fe-berthierine from a Cretaceous laterite: Part II. Estimation of Eh, pH and pCO2 conditions of formation. Clays and Clay Minerals, 45: 580–586.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hillier, S., and Velde, B., 1992. Chlorite interstratified with a 7Ã¥ mineral: an example from offshore Norway and possible implications for the interpretation of the composition of diagenetic chlorites. Clay Minerals, 27: 475–486.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hornibrook, E.R.C., and Longstaffe, F.J., 1996. Berthierine from the Lower Cretaceous Clearwater Formation. Clays and Clay Minerals, 44: 1–21.

    Google Scholar 

  • Iijima, A., and Matsumoto, R., 1982. Berthierine and chamosite in coal measures of Japan. Clays and Clay Minerals, 30: 264–274.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jahrens, J.S., and Aagaard, P., 1989. Compositional variations in diagenetic chlorites and illites, and relationships with formation water chemistry. Clay Minerals, 24: 157–170.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jiang, W.-T., Peacor, D.R., and Slack, J.F., 1992. Microstructures, mixed layering, and polymorphism of chlorite and retrograde berthierine in the Kidd Creek massive sulfide deposit, Ontario. Clays and Clay Minerals, 40: 501–514.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kodama, H., and Foscolos, A.E., 1981. Occurrence of berthierine in Canadian arctic desert soils. Canadian Mineralogist, 19: 279–283.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maynard, J.B., 1986. Geochemistry of oolitic iron ores, an electron microprobe study. Economic Geology, 81: 1473–1483.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moore, D.M., and Hughes, R.E., 2000. Ordovician and Pennsylvanian berthierine-bearing flint clays. Clays and Clay Minerals, 48: 145–149.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moore, D.M., and Reynolds, R.C. Jr., 1997. X-ray Diffraction and the Identification and Analysis of Clay Minerals. Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Odin, G.S. (ed.), 1988. Green Marine Clays. Developments in Sedimentology, No. 45, Amsterdam: Elsevier.

    Google Scholar 

  • Porrenga, D.H., 1967. Glauconite and chamosite as depth indicators in the marine environment. Marine Geology, 5: 495–501.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rohrlich, V., Price, N.B., and Calvert, S.E., 1969. Chamosite in the Recent sediments of Loch Etive, Scotland. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 39: 624–631.

    Google Scholar 

  • Siehl, A., and Thein, J., 1989. Minette-type ironstones. In Young, T.P., and Taylor, W.E.G. (eds.), Phanerozoic Ironstones. London: Geological Society, Special Publication No. 46, pp. 175–193.

    Google Scholar 

  • Taylor, K.G., 1990. Berthierine from the non-marine Wealden (Early Cretaceous) sediments of south-east England. Clay Minerals, 25: 391–399.

    Google Scholar 

  • Toth, T.A., and Fritz, S.J., 1997. An Fe-berthierine from a Cretaceous laterite: Part I. Characterization. Clays and Clay Minerals, 45: 564–579.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Houten, F.B., and Purucker, M.E., 1984. Glauconitic peloids and chamositic ooids—favorable factors, constraints, and problems. Earth Science Reviews, 20: 211–243.

    Google Scholar 

Cross-references

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Earth Sciences, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada, N6A 5B7

    Fred J. Longstaffe

Authors
  1. Fred J. Longstaffe
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. School of Geography and Geology, McMaster University, 1280 Main St West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada

    Gerard V. Middleton

  2. Department of Geography, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T IZ2, Canada

    Michael J. Church

  3. Department of Earth Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G I, Canada

    Mario Coniglio

  4. Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA

    Lawrence A. Hardie

  5. Department of Earth Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5B7, Canada

    Frederick J. Longstaffe

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1978 Dowden, Hutchinson & Ross, Inc.

About this entry

Cite this entry

Longstaffe, F.J. (1978). Berthierine. In: Middleton, G.V., Church, M.J., Coniglio, M., Hardie, L.A., Longstaffe, F.J. (eds) Encyclopedia of Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks. Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-3609-5_26

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-3609-5_26

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4020-0872-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4020-3609-5

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation