Sillimanite- and garnet-rich siliceous schists, gneisses, and granulites, together with minor proportions of garnetiferous quartzite and of a white rock resembling limestone, that make up a considerable part of the Eastern Ghats terrane of India, were referred to by Walker (1902) “for the sake of brevity of nomenclature and as a local convenience”, as khondalite. The name was after the Khond tribe that inhabits the Baud-Khondmals (now Phulbani) region of Orissa. They are associated with 2-pyroxene granulite, charnockite, and anorthosite, and similar rocks occur in many other parts of Peninsular India and in Sri Lanka and central Burma (Krishnan, 1968).
The major phases—quartz, garnet, and sillimanite—vary considerably in modal proportions, with K-feldspar and plagioclase major constituents in some rocks. Grain size is generally 2–3 mm; commonly there is a foliation subparallel to lithological layering, but in some rocks the texture is granulose. Polyphase metamorphic mineral growth is...
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⊛Contains extensive list of references.
Bibliography
⊛ Dash, B., K. N. Sahu, and D. R. Bowes, 1987, Geochemistry and original nature of Precambrian khondalites in the Eastern Ghats, Orissa, India, Trans. R. Soc. Edinburgh Earth Sci. 78, 115–127.
Krishnan, M. S., 1968, Geology of India and Burma, 5th edn. Madras: Sankar.
Walker, T. L., 1902, The geology of Kalahandi State, Central Province, Mem. Geol. Surv. India 33(3), 1–22.
Barbey, P., R. Capdevila, and J. Hameurt, 1982, Major and transition trace element abundances in the khondalite suite of the granulite belt of Lapland (Fennoscandia): evidence for an early Proterozoic flysch belt, Precambrian Res. 16, 273–290.
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© 1989 Van Nostrand Reinhold
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Dash, B. (1989). Khondalite . In: Petrology. Encyclopedia of Earth Science. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-30845-8_111
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