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Scope of Alkaloids in Antileishmanial Drug Discovery and Development

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Natural Products

Abstract

Leishmaniasis, a parasitic disease resulting from infection of macrophages by obligate intracellular parasites of genus Leishmania, is prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions of 88 countries, affecting about 12 million people in the world. Leishmaniasis displays a spectrum of clinical manifestations, ranging from mucocutaneous and cutaneous lesions to visceral leishmaniasis, which is usually fatal for untreated patients. Moreover, significant increases in the rate of Leishmania-HIV coinfections across the world and cases of resistant parasites are aggravating this problem. Chemotherapy is the only effective treatment for leishmaniasis. However, the growing incidence of resistance for most of the antileishmanial drugs in endemic and nonendemic regions has seriously hampered their use in these regions. The present chapter briefly illustrates leishmaniasis epidemiology, occurrence, parasite biology, drug targets, bioavailability and metabolism, and treatment around the world and also critically discusses the key points in alkaloids-based drug discovery protocols.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to Professor Vyasji Tripathi, Department of Chemistry, for his useful discussions during preparation of the manuscript. Financial assistance from CSIR, New Delhi, is greatly acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Centre of Advanced Study, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, 221005, India

    Bhuwan B. Mishra, Navneet Kishore & Dr. Vinod Kumar Tiwari

  2. Department of Biochemistry, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, 221005, India

    Rakesh K. Singh (Faculty of Science)

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  1. Bhuwan B. Mishra
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  2. Navneet Kishore
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  3. Rakesh K. Singh
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  4. Dr. Vinod Kumar Tiwari
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Correspondence to Vinod Kumar Tiwari .

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  1. Botany Department, M.L. Sukhadia University, Durga Nursery Road, Udaipur, 313001, Rajasthan, India

    Kishan Gopal Ramawat

  2. Institute of Vine and Wine Sciences, Biological-Active Plant Substances Study, University of Bordeaux, 210 Chemin de Leysotte CS 50008, Villenave d'Ornon, 33882, France

    Jean-Michel Mérillon

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Mishra, B.B., Kishore, N., Singh, R.K., Tiwari, V.K. (2013). Scope of Alkaloids in Antileishmanial Drug Discovery and Development. In: Ramawat, K., Mérillon, JM. (eds) Natural Products. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22144-6_91

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