Abstract
This chapter provides a brief overview of basic toxicological methods and approaches which can be used by engineers in the field to make a rapid environmental risk determination. In addition, Internet sites which deal with specific contaminants, standard operating procedures, and methods for assessing deleterious effects on organisms living and depending on ecosystem resources are provided.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
P. Birak, K. Yurk et al. Travis and Arms revisited: a look at a widely used bioconcentration algorithm. Toxicol. Ind. Health 17, 163 (2001)
L. Brown, Plan B (Earth Policy Institute, Norton, New York and London, 2003), p. 283
L. Brown, M. Renner, C. Flavin, Vital Signs (World Watch Institute, Norton, New York and London, 1998), p. 207
M.F. Buchman, NOAA screening quick reference tables, NOAA HAZMAT Report 99–1, Coastal Protection and Restoration Division, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, 1999, pp. 1–12
W.G. Burgess, M.A. Hoque, H.A. Michael et al., Vulnerability of deep groundwater in the Bengal Aquifer System to contamination by arsenic. Nat. Geosci. pp. 83–87 (2010). doi:10.1038/NGE0750
M. Crane, M.C. Newman, What level of effect is a no observed effect?. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 19, 516 (2000)
F. Dang, W.X. Wang, Antagonistic interaction of mercury and selenium in a marine fish is dependent on their chemical species. Environ. Sci. Technol. 45, 3116 (2011)
R.T. Di Giulio, M.C. Newman, Ecotoxicology, in Toxicology: The Basic Science of Poisons, 7th edn., ed. by C.D. Klaassen (McGraw-Hill, Health Profession Division, New York, 2008), pp. 1157–1187
D.M. DiToro, J.D. Mahoney, et al. Toxicity of Cadmium in Sediments: The Role of Acid Volatile Sulfide. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 9, 98 (1990)
D. DiToro et al., Acid volatile sulfide predicts the acute toxicity of cadmium and nickel in sediments. EST. 26, 96 (1992)
D.L. Eaton, S.G. Gilbert, Principles of toxicology, in Toxicology: The Basic Science of Poisons, 7th edn., ed. by C.D. Klaassen (McGraw-Hill, Health Profession Division, New York, 2008), pp. 11–44
A. Edwards, The Sustainability Revolution: Portrait of a Paradigm Shift. New Society Publishers, Philadelphia, 207p (2005)
E.M. Faustman, G.S. Omenn, Risk assessment, in Toxicology: The Basic Science of Poisons, 7th edn., ed. by C.D. Klaassen (McGraw-Hill, Health Profession Division, New York, 2008), pp. 107–127
R.E. Grumbine, J. Xu, Mekong hydropower development. Science 332, 178 (2011)
J.N. Huckins, SPMD technology (2002), www.aux.cerc.cr.usgs.gov/SPMD/spmd_overview.htm
S.E. Jorgensen et al., Handbook of Ecological Parameters and Ecotoxicology (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1991)
L.D. Lehman-McKeeman, Absorption, distribution and excretion of toxicants, in Toxicology: The Basic Science of Poisons, 7th edn., ed. by C.D. Klaassen (McGraw-Hill, Health Profession Division, New York, 2008), pp. 131–157
B.G. Loganathan, K. Kannan, Global organochlorine contamination trends: an overview. Ambio 23, 187–191 (1994)
W.K. Lyman, Transport and transformation process, in Fundamentals of Aquatic Toxicology, ed. by G.M. Rand (Taylor and Francis, London, 1995), pp. 449–492
W.J. Lyman et al. Handbook of Chemical Property Estimation Methods: Environmental Behavior of Organic Compounds (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1982)
D.D. MacDonald et al. Development and evaluation of consensus based sediment quality guidelines for freshwater ecosystems. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 39, 20 (2000)
M.C. Newman, M.A. Unger, Fundamentals of Ecotoxicology, 2nd edn. (CRC/Lewis Press, Boca Raton, 2003)
J.A. Peterson, A.V. Nebeker, Estimation of waterborne selenium concentrations that are toxicity thresholds for wildlife. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 23, 154 (1992)
J.D. Petty et al., Considerations involved with the use of semi permeable membrane devices for monitoring environmental contaminants. J. Chromatogr. A 879, 83 (2000)
G.M. Rand et al., Introduction, in Fundamentals of Aquatic Toxicology, ed. by G.M. Rand (Taylor and Francis, London, 1995), pp. 3–66
B.E. Sample, G.W. Suter II, Estimating Exposure of Terrestrial Wildlife to Contaminants (Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, 1994) ES/ER?TM-125
B.E. Sample et al. Toxicological Benchmarks for Screening Contaminants for Wildlife (Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, 1996), 227pp. ES/ER/TM-86/R3
B.E. Sample, et al., Methods and tools for estimation of the exposure of terrestrial wildlife to contaminants. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge TN. ORNL/TM-13391 (1997)
M. Scheringer, Long-range transport of organic chemicals in the environment. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 28, 677 (2009)
R.P. Schwarzenbach et al., Partitioning to living media-bioaccumulation and baseline toxicity, in Environmental Organic Chemistry, 2nd edn., ed. by R.P. Schwarzenbach et al. (Wiley, Hoboken, 2003) pp. 331–386
A. Spacie et al., Bioaccumulation and bioavailability in multiphase systems, in Fundamentals of Aquatic Toxicology, ed. by G.M. Rand (Taylor and Francis, London, 1995), pp. 493–521
J.B. Sprague, Factors that modify toxicity in Fundamentals of Aquatic Toxicology ed. by G.M. Rand, S.R. Petrocelli (Hemisphere Publishing Corporation, Washington, 1985), pp. 124–163
H. Sun et al., Temporal aggregation of interpolated daily climate grids: An error assessment. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 27, 103 (2008)
G.W. Suter, Ecological Risk Assessment (Lewis, Boca Raton, 1993)
G.W. Suter, Introduction to ecological risk assessment for aquatic toxic effects, in Fundamentals of Aquatic Toxicology, ed. by G.M. Rand (Taylor and Francis, London, 1998) pp. 803–816
C.C. Travis, A.D. Arms, Bioconcentration of organics in beef, milk, and vegetation. Environmental Science and Technology 22, 271 (1988)
US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), Framework for ecological risk assessment, Washington D.C., 1992, EPA/630/R-92/001
US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), Wildlife exposure factors handbook, Volume 1 office of research and development, Washington D.C., 1993, EPA/600/R-93/187a
US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), Guidelines for Ecological Risk Assessment. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Risk Assessment Forum, Washington, DC, EPA/630/R095/002F, DRAFT 1995 FINAL 1998
US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), Great lakes water quality initiative criteria documents for the protection of wildlife, Washington D.C., 1995, EPA-820-B-95–008
US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), Ecological risk assessment guidance for superfund: process for designing and conducting ecological risk assessments, Interm Final, USEPA, Edison, 1997a, EPA 540-R-97–006
US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), Mercury study report to congress, Vol VII: characterization of human health and wildlife risks from mercury exposure in the United States, Washington D.C., 1997b, EPA-452/R-97–009
US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), U.S. environmental protection agency, risk assessment forum, Washington, D.C., 1998, EPA/630/R095/002F
US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), Guidance for the development of ecological soil screening levels. Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response, Washington, D.C., 2003; OSWER Directive 92857–55
US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), Framework for metals risk assessment (2007), http://www.epa.gov/osa/metalsframework
M. Van den Berg, et al. The 2005 World Health Organization Re-evaluation of Human and Mammalian Toxic Equivalency Factors for Dioxins and Dioxin-like Compounds. Toxicol. Sci. 93, 223 (2008)
Wada et al. Global depletion of groundwater resources. Geophys. Res. Lett. 37, L20402 (2010). doi:10.1029/2010GL044571
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this entry
Cite this entry
Cooper, K.R. (2013). Fundamental Toxicology Methods and Resources for Assessing Water-relatedContamination. In: Kauffman, J., Lee, KM. (eds) Handbook of Sustainable Engineering. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8939-8_98
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8939-8_98
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-1-4020-8938-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-4020-8939-8
eBook Packages: EngineeringReference Module Computer Science and Engineering