Abstract
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was originally introduced to amplify in vitro particular DNA sequences by the application of temperature cycles (1). In a modification, RNA molecules also may serve as templates by an additional reverse transcription step converting RNA in complementary DNA sequences (2).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Saiki, R. K., Scharf, S., Faloona, F., Mullis, K. B., Horn, G. T., Erlich, H. A., and Amheim, N. (1985) Enzymatic amplification of ß-globin sequences and restrrction site analysis for diagnosis of sickle cell anemia. Scrence 230, 1350–1354.
Murakawa, G. J., Wallace, B. R., Zaia, J. A., and Rossi, J. J. (1987) Method for amplification and detection of RNA sequences. European Patent Application 0272098
Wu, D. Y. and Wallace, R. B, (1989) The ligation and amplification reaction (LAR)—amplification of specific DNA sequences using sequential rounds of template dependent ligation. Genomics 4, 560–569.
Segev, D. (1990) Amplification and detection of target nucleic acid sequences— for in vitro diagnosis of infectious disease, genetic disorders or cellular disorders, e.g., cancer. Published under Patent Corporation Treaty (PCT) International Application WO 90/01069.
Kwoh, D. Y., Davis, G. R., Whitfield, K. M., Chapelle, H. L., DiMichelle, L. J., and Gingeras, T. R. (1989) Transcription-based amplification system and detection of amplified human immunodeficiency virus. Proc. N&l. Acad, Sci. USA 86, 1173–1177.
Guatelli, J. C., Whitfield, K. M., Kwoh, D. Y., Barringer, K. J., Richman, D. D., and Gingeras, T. R. (1990) Isothermal, in vitro amplification of nucleic acids by a multienzyme reaction modeled after retroviral replication. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87, 1874–1878.
Davey, C. and Malek, L. T. (1988) Nucleic acid amplification process. European Patent Application 0329098.
Schuster, D., Thornton, C., Buchmann, G., Berninger, M., and Rashtchian, A. (1990) A method for isothermal amplification of nucleic acid sequences, 5th San Diego Conference on Nucleic Acids, American Association of Clinical Chemistry (AACC), Abstract Poster 40.
Lizardi, P. M., Guerra, C. E., Lomeli, H., Tussie-Luna, I., and Kramer, F. R. (1988) Exponential amplification of recombinant RNA hybridization probes. Biotechnology 6, 1197–1202.
Saiki, R. K., Gelfand, D. H., Stoffel, S., Scharf, S. H., Higuchi, R., Horn, G. T., Mullis, K. B., and Erlich, H.A.(1988) Primer-directed enzymatic ampliflcation of DNA with a thermostable DNA polymerase. Science 239, 487–491.
Kessler, C. (1990) Detection of nucleic acids by enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay (ELISA) technique: An example for the development of a novel non-radioactive labeling and detection system with high sensitivity, in Advances in Mutagenesls Research (Obe, G., ed.), Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp. 105–152.
Kessler, C, Hòltke, H.-J., Seibl, R., Burg, J., and Muhlegger, K. (1990) Non-radioactive labeling and detection of nucleic acids: I. A novel DNA labeling and detection system based on digoxigenin:anti-digoxigenin ELISA principle (digoxigenin system). Biol. Chem. Hoppe-Seyler 371, 917–927.
Hòltke, H.-J., Seibl. R., Burg, J., Mhhlegger, K., and Kessler, C. (1990) Non-radioactive labeling and detection of nucleic acids: II. Optimization of the digoxigenin system. Blol. Chem. Hoppe-Seyler 371, 929–938.
Seibl. R., Höltke, H.-J., Rüger, R., Meindl, A., Zachau, H. G., Raßhofer, R., Roggendorf, M., Wolf, H., Arnold, N., Wienberg, J., and Kessler, C. (1991) Non-radioactive labeling and detection of nucleic acids: III. Applications of the digoxigenin system. Biol. Chem. Hoppe-Seyler 371, 939–951.
Muhlegger, K., Huber, E., von der Eltz, H., Rüger, R., and Kessler, C. (1990) Non-radioactive labeling and detection of nucleic acids: IV. Synthesis and properties of the nucleotide compounds of the digoxigenin system and of photodig-oxigenin. Biol. Chem. Hoppe-Seyler 371, 953–965.
Rdger, R., Höltke, H.-J., Sagner, G., Seibl, R., and Kessler, C. (1991) Rapid labelling methods using the DIG-system: incorporation of digoxigenin in PC reactions and labelling of nucleic acids with photodigoxigenin. Fresenius’ Z. Anal. Chem. 337, 114.
Schaap, A. P., Sandison, M. D., and Handley, R. S. (1987) Chemical and enzymatic triggering of 1,2-dioxetanes. Alkalme phosphatase-catalyzed chemilu-minescence from an aryl phosphate-substituted dioxetane. Tetrahedron Lett. 28, 1159–1162.
Bronstein, I., Edwards, B., and Voyta, J. C. (1989) 1,2-Dioxetanes: novel chemi-luminescent enzyme substrates. Applications to immunoassay. L. Biolum. Chemolum. 4, 99–111.
Hòltke, H. J., Sagner, G., Kessler, C., and Schmitz, G. G. (1992) Sensitive chemiluminescent detection of digoxigenin-labeled nucleic acids: A fast and simple protocol and its applications. Biotechnlques 12, 104–113.
Innis, M. A., Gelfand, D. H., Sninsky, J. J., and White, T. J. (1990) PCR Protocols. A Guide to Methods and Applications. Academic, New York.
Kessler, C. (1991) The digoxigenin: anti-digoxigenin (DIG) technology-a survey on the concept and realization of a novel bioanalytical indicator system. Mol. Cell. Probes 5, 161–205.
Keller, G. H. and Manak, M. M. (1989) DNA Probes. Stockton, New York.
Kricka, L. J. (1992) Nomsotoplc DNA Probe Techmques. Academic, San Diego, CA.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1993 Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Reischl, U., Rüger, R., Kessler, C. (1993). Nonradioactive Labeling of Polymerase Chain Reaction Products. In: White, B.A. (eds) PCR Protocols. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 15. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1385/0-89603-244-2:51
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/0-89603-244-2:51
Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ
Print ISBN: 978-0-89603-244-6
Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-502-0
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols