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Cellular Models for In Vitro Lung Toxicology

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In Vitro Toxicology Systems

Part of the book series: Methods in Pharmacology and Toxicology ((MIPT))

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Abstract

The lung itself is extremely vulnerable to airborne pollutants and pathogens, and the treatment of chronic lung diseases like asthma, chronic obstructive lung disease, and fibrosis is increasingly relevant for public health. The identification of lung toxicants and lung safety pharmacology is thus an important endeavor.

The lung epithelial cell layer lines the surface of the conductive and respiratory airways. It forms an air–liquid interface, since it separates the gaseous airways from the interstitial compartment. The function and cellular composition of the lung epithelium differ with regard to its localization along the airways. This cell layer is of distinct relevance for lung toxicology, since it forms an early defense line against airborne particles and pathogens. The impact of compounds on the epithelial barrier depends on the air–liquid interface as well as on the cellular composition of the epithelial cell layer. Defining appropriate and predictive in vitro models for lung toxicology remains challenging. Nevertheless, those models would facilitate the identification of toxicants and would speed up the development of pharmaceutics. This chapter introduces cellular models for in vitro lung toxicology. It focuses on their background and limitations in lung toxicology.

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  1. Institute of General Physiology, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany

    Oliver H. Wittekindt

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  1. European Commission Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Varese, Italy

    Anna Bal-Price

  2. Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria

    Paul Jennings

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Wittekindt, O.H. (2014). Cellular Models for In Vitro Lung Toxicology. In: Bal-Price, A., Jennings, P. (eds) In Vitro Toxicology Systems. Methods in Pharmacology and Toxicology. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0521-8_5

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