1. Introduction: Biotechnology in Comparative Perspective – Regional Concentration and Industry Dynamics

   • Gerhard Fuchs

   Editorial Introduction Pages: 1 - 2

2. The Role of Small Firms in U.S. Biotechnology Clusters

   • David B. Audretsch

   OriginalPaper Pages: 3 - 15

3. Ingredients in the Early Development of the U.S. Biotechnology Industry

   • Martha Prevezer

   OriginalPaper Pages: 17 - 29

4. The Competencies of Regions – Canada's Clusters in Biotechnology

   • Jorge Niosi
   • Tomas G. Bas

   OriginalPaper Pages: 31 - 42

5. Biotechnology Clusters in the U.K.: Lessons from Localisation in the Commercialisation of Science

   • Philip Cooke

   OriginalPaper Pages: 43 - 59

6. Is the Creation and Development of Biotech SMEs Localised? Conclusions Drawn from the French Case

   • S. Lemarié
   • V. Mangematin
   • A. Torre

   OriginalPaper Pages: 61 - 76

7. The (Failed) Development of a Biotechnology Cluster: The Case of Lombardy

   • Luigi Orsenigo

   OriginalPaper Pages: 77 - 92

8. Biotechnology Firms in Sweden

   • Anna Nilsson

   OriginalPaper Pages: 93 - 103

9. The Fourth Pillar? An assessment of the Situation of the Finnish Biotechnology

   • Gerd Schienstock
   • Pasi Tulkki

   OriginalPaper Pages: 105 - 122

10. Clustering Biotech: A Recipe for Success? Spatial Patterns of Growth of Biotechnology in Munich, Rhineland and Hamburg

    • Christian Zeller

    OriginalPaper Pages: 123 - 141

11. New Biotechnology Firms in Germany: Heidelberg and the BioRegion Rhine-Neckar Triangle

    • Gerhard Krauss
    • Thomas Stahlecker

    OriginalPaper Pages: 143 - 153