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History and geography of light pentaquark searches: challenges and pitfalls

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Abstract

In this paper, I review the history and geography of the pentaquark searches and discuss the current situation surrounding these searches performed at different facilities around the world. The possibility of the existence of multiquark states like tetraquarks and pentaquarks was already predicted by Gell-Mann-Mann (Phys Lett 8: 214, 1964) based on the Constituent Quark Model (CQM); however, more than half a century efforts in a wide range of experiments led to controversial situation, when the fate of the light quark pentaquarks is almost decided to not exist. The recent LHCb results (R. Aaij, LHCb Collaboration et al. in Phys Rev Lett 115: 072001, 2015) on the observation of the charm pentaquarks in the invariant mass of \(pJ/\psi \) from the \(\Lambda _b\rightarrow K^- p J/\psi \) decay created a new wave of excitement and rise the question about the existence of the light pentaquarks. The main question which still remains to be clarified is whether already acquired evidences are sufficient to completely disregard the light pentaquarks and leave it out as an example of the scientific curiosity or there are still rooms for further, more dedicated efforts and scrupulous analyses to answer the question of the existence or nonexistence of the light pentaquarks made of u, d and s quarks.

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Acknowledgements

I am thankful to many collegues for over many years of conversations on a different aspects of pentaquarks, namely Dmitri Diakonov, Victor Petrov, Maxim Polyakov, Yakov Azimov, Rober Jaffe, Frank Wilczek, Gail Dodge, Charles Hyde, Gagik Gavalian, Igor Strakovsky and others. This work was supported in part by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Nuclear Physics, under Award Number DE-FG02-96ER40960.

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  1. Department of Physics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, 23529, USA

    M. Amaryan

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  1. M. Amaryan
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Correspondence to M. Amaryan.

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Amaryan, M. History and geography of light pentaquark searches: challenges and pitfalls. Eur. Phys. J. Plus 137, 684 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-022-02888-0

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