Abstract
An experimental investigation of cosmic muons has been carried out with the Muography of Etna Volcano (MEV) tracking telescope, installed at an altitude of about 3100 m a.s.l. in front of the North-East Etna crater. The analysis of a statistically significant data sample (\(\sim 10^7\) events), taken during a period of approximately 2 months, has been carried out to investigate the angular distribution of cosmic muons originating both from the open sky side and from a large solid rock thickness (Etna side). Due to the geographical orientation of the MEV telescope, anisotropies caused by the East–West effect could also be observed, extracting the asymmetry factor in small steps of the zenithal angle.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
P.K.F. Grieder, Cosmic Rays at Earth (Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, 2001). (For a comprehensive review of experimental results)
Y.L. Blokh et al., N. Cimento 37B, 198 (1977)
O.C. Allkofer et al., in Proceedings of the 15th International Cosmic Ray Conference, Plovdiv (Bulgaria), August 13–26, 1977, vol. 9, p. 62 (1977)
O.C. Allkofer et al., in Proceedings of the 15th International Cosmic Ray Conference, Plovdiv (Bulgaria), August 13–26,1977, vol. 6, p. 38 (1977)
T. Kitamura et al., in Proceedings of the 14th International Cosmic Ray Conference, Munich (Germany), August 15–29, 1975, vol. 6, p. 2031 (1975)
O.C. Allkofer, J. Trumper, Zeit. fur Naturforschung 19A, 1304 (1964)
T.L. Asatiani et al., in Proceedings of the 14th International Cosmic Ray Conference, Munich (Germany), August 15–29, 1975, vol. 6, p. 2024 (1975)
T.L. Asatiani et al., in Proceedings of the 18th International Cosmic Ray Conference, Bangalore (India), August 22–September 3, 1983, vol. 7, p. 47 (1983)
O.C. Allkofer, E. Kraft, Nuovo Cimento 39, 1051 (1965)
D. Lo Presti et al., Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A904, 195 (2018)
D. Bonanno et al., EPJ Plus 134, 281 (2019)
G. Gallo et al., Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A A958, 162052 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2019.04.006. (In press)
K.I. Greisen, Phys. Rev. 61, 212 (1942)
W.R. Sheldon, N.M. Duller, Nuovo Cimento 23, 63 (1963)
R.J.R. Judge, W.F. Nash, Nuovo Cimento 35, 999 (1965)
J.N. Crookes, B.C. Rastin, Nucl. Phys. B 39, 493 (1972)
N. Karmakar et al., Nuovo Cimento B17, 173 (1973)
D.P. Bhattacharyya, Nuovo Cimento B24, 78 (1974)
P.N. Bhat, P.V. Murthy, J. Phys. G Nucl. Phys. 4, 453 (1978)
M. Bahmanabadi et al., Astropart. Phys. 24, 183 (2005)
A.N. Dmietreva et al., Phys. At. Nucl. 69, 865 (2006)
S. Pal et al., J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 1207, 033 (2012)
S. Abdollahi et al., J. Phys. G Nucl. Part. Phys. 40, 025202 (2013)
S. Pethuraj et al., J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 9, 021 (2017)
M. Bahmanabadi, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A916, 1 (2019)
F. Arneodo et al., Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A936, 242 (2019)
D. Lo Presti et al., Sensors 19, 1183 (2019)
K. Beuermann et al., Astron. Astrophys. 352, L26 (1999)
N. Lesparre et al., Geophys. J. Int. 183, 1348 (2010)
M. Abbrescia et al., Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A816, 142 (2016)
F. Riggi et al., Eur. J. Phys. 37, 045702 (2016)
T.H. Johnson, C.J. Street, Phys. Rev. 43, 381 (1933)
T.H. Johnson, Phys. Rev. 43, 834 (1933)
T.H. Johnson, Phys. Rev. 45, 569 (1934)
T.H. Johnson, Phys. Rev. 48, 287 (1935)
W.C. Barber, Phys. Rev. 75, 590 (1949)
F. Blanco et al., Phys. Educ. 43, 536 (2008)
D.S.R. Murty, Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. 37, 317 (1953)
S. Pethuraj et al. (2019). arXiv:1905.00739v1 [hep-ex]
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Riggi, F., Bonanno, D., Gallo, G. et al. Investigation of the cosmic ray angular distribution and the East–West effect near the top of Etna volcano with the MEV telescope. Eur. Phys. J. Plus 135, 280 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-020-00287-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-020-00287-x