Skip to main content
Log in

Pencil beam characteristics of the next-generation proton scanning gantry of PSI: design issues and initial commissioning results

  • Regular Article
  • Published:
The European Physical Journal Plus Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this paper we report on the main design features, on the realization process and on selected first results of the initial commissioning of the new Gantry 2 of PSI for the delivery of proton therapy with new advanced pencil beam scanning techniques. We present briefly the characteristics of the new gantry system with main emphasis on the beam optics, on the characterization of the pencil beam used for scanning and on the performance of the scanning system. The idea is to give an overview of the major components of the whole system. The main long-term technical goal of the new equipment of Gantry 2 is to expand the use of pencil beam scanning to the whole spectrum of clinical indications including moving targets. We report here on the initial experience and problems encountered in the development of the system with selected preliminary results of the ongoing commissioning of Gantry 2.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. M. Phillips et al., Phys. Med. Biol. 37, 223 (1992).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. C.V. Essen et al., Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 8, 1499 (1982).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. E. Hug, PSI Scientific Report 2009: http://www.psi.ch/info/MediaBoard/PSI_ScientificReport_2009.pdf

  4. E. Pedroni et al., Med. Phys. 22, 37 (1994).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. T. Haberer et al., Nucl. Instrum. Methods A 330, 296 (1993).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  6. A.J. Lomax et al., Phys. Med. Biol. 44, 185 (1999).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. E. Pedroni, in Treatment Planning for External Beam Therapy with Neutrons, edited by G. Burger, J.J. Broerse (Urban & Schwarzenberg, Munich, 1981) pp. 60-69

  8. E. Pedroni, Radiat. Environm. Biophys. 16, 211 (1979).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. E. Pedroni, in Proton and Charged Particle Radiotherapy, edited by T.F. DeLaney, H.M. Kooy (Williams and Wilkins, Boston, MA, 2008) chapt. 5b

  10. J.M. Schippers, Rev. Acc. Science and Technology 2, 179 (2009).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. E. Pedroni et al., Z. Med. Phys. 14, 25 (2004).

    Google Scholar 

  12. A. Gabard et al., IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 20, 794 (2010).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  13. K.L. Brown, yellow reports CERN 73-16 (1973) & CERN 80-04 (1980).

  14. E. Pedroni et al., Phys. Med. Biol. 50, 541 (2005).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Calculation using the Graphic TRANSPORT Framework of U. Rohrer at PSI: http://aea.web.psi.ch/Urs_Rohrer/MyWeb/trans.htm

  16. S. Kowalski, H.A. Enge, RAYTRACE, MIT, Cambridge MA USA, 1987

  17. E. Pedroni, H. Enge, Med. & Biol. Eng. & Comput. 33, 271 (1995).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. D.C. Carey, K.L. Brown, F. Rothacker, Fermilab-Pub-95/0: http://lss.fnal.gov/archive/1998/pub/Pub-98-310.pdf

  19. J.F. Ziegler, SRIM and TRIM, http://www.srim.org/

  20. S.N. Boon et al., Med. Phys. 27, 2198 (2000).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. S.M. Zenklusen, E. Pedroni, D. Meer, Phys. Med. Biol. 50, 5103 (2010).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. S.M. Zenklusen, to be published in Med. Phys. in 2011

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to E. Pedroni.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Pedroni, E., Meer, D., Bula, C. et al. Pencil beam characteristics of the next-generation proton scanning gantry of PSI: design issues and initial commissioning results. Eur. Phys. J. Plus 126, 66 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/i2011-11066-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/i2011-11066-0

Keywords

Navigation