Abstract
A normalization procedure has been applied to improve the descriptive and predictive power of the enhanced generalized superfluid (EGS) model for the nuclear level density (NLD). In this procedure, the EGS model is normalized based on the experimental average level spacing at the neutron binding energy \(D_0\) and the cumulative number of experimental discrete levels in the low-energy region N(E). The values of normalization parameters are determined by systematically analyzing a set of 288 nuclei from \(^{25}\)Mg to \(^{251}\)Cf, whose experimental \(D_0\) and N(E) data are available. The systematical analysis permits to determine the values of the normalization parameters for any nucleus. The descriptive and predictive power of the normalized EGS (NEGS) model are demonstrated by making the comparison of the NEGS NLDs with the experimental NLD data of 70 nuclei obtained from the Oslo method. The results obtained show that the NEGS model describes reasonably well almost all the experimental NLDs and should be better used in the reaction codes than the conventional EGS, in particular for nuclei whose experimental NLDs are not available.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data Availability Statement
This manuscript has no associated data or the data will not be deposited. [Authors’ comment: This is a theoretical work. All data generated in this work are contained in this published article.]
References
H.A. Bethe, Phys. Rev. 50, 332 (1936)
T. Rauscher, F.K. Thielemann, K.L. Kratz, Phys. Rev. C 56, 1613 (1997)
T. Rauscher, F.K. Thielemann, At. Data Nucl. Data Tables 75, 1 (2000)
T. Ericson, Adv. Phys. 9, 425 (1960)
A.J. Koning, D. Rochman, Nucl. Data Sheets 113, 2841 (2012)
M. Herman, R. Capote, B.V. Carlson, P. Oblozinsky, M. Sin, A. Trkov, H. Wienke, V. Zerkin, Nucl. Data Sheets 108, 2655 (2007)
P. Demetriou, S. Goriely, Nucl. Phys. A 695, 95 (2001)
S. Goriely, S. Hilaire, A.J. Koning, Phys. Rev. C 78, 064307 (2008)
S. Goriely, S. Hilaire, A.J. Koning, Phys. Rev. C 78, 064307 (2008)
Y. Alhassid, B.W. Bush, Nucl. Phys. A 549, 43 (1992)
Y. Alhassid, B.W. Bush, Nucl. Phys. A 565, 399 (1993)
B.K. Agrawal, A. Ansari, Nucl. Phys. A 567, 1 (1994)
B.K. Agrawal, A. Ansari, Nucl. Phys. A 576, 189 (1994)
B. Lauritzen, P. Arve, G.F. Bertsch, Phys. Rev. Lett. 61, 2835 (1988)
G. Puddu, P.F. Bortignon, R.A. Broglia, Ann. Phys. 206, 409 (1991)
B.K. Agrawal, P.K. Sahu, Phys. Lett. B 351, 1 (1995)
B.K. Agrawal, A. Ansari, Nucl. Phys. A 640, 362 (1998)
B.K. Agrawal, A. Ansari, Phys. Lett. B 421, 13 (1998)
Y. Alhassid, S. Liu, H. Nakada, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 4265 (1999)
Y. Alhassid, S. Liu, H. Nakada, Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 162504 (2007)
M. Bonett-Matiz, A. Mukherjee, Y. Alhassid, Phys. Rev. C 88, 011302 (2013). ((R))
Y. Alhassid, M. Bonett-Matiz, S. Liu, H. Nakada, Phys. Rev. C 92, 024307 (2015)
C. Ozen, Y. Alhassid, H. Nakada, Phys. Rev. C 91, 034329 (2015)
C. Ozen, Y. Alhassid, H. Nakada, Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 042502 (2013)
A. Gilbert, A.G.W. Cameron, Can. J. Phys. 43, 1446 (1965)
A.V. Ignatyuk, K.K. Istekov, G.N. Smirenkin, Sov. J. Nucl. Phys. 29, 450 (1979)
A.V. Ignatyuk, J.L. Weil, S. Raman, S. Kahane, Phys. Rev. C 47, 1504 (1993)
A. D’Arrigo, G. Giardina, M. Herman, A.V. Ignatyuk, A. Taccone, J. Phys. G Nucl. Part. Phys. 20, 365 (1994)
N. Quang Hung, N. Dinh-Dang, L.T. Quynh Huong, Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 022502 (2017)
N. Quang Hung, N. Dinh Dang, L.G. Moretto, Rep. Prog. Phys. 82, 056301 (2019)
N. Quang Hung, N. Dinh Dang, L. Tan Phuc, N. Ngoc Anh, T. Dong Xuan, T.V. Nhan Hao, Phys. Lett. B 811, 135858 (2020)
T. von Egidy, D. Bucurescu, Phys. Rev. C 72, 044311 (2005)
R. Capote et al., Nucl. Data Sheets 110, 3107–3214 (2009)
A. Schiller, L. Bergholt, M. Guttormsen, E. Melby, J. Rekstad, S. Siem, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A 447, 498 (2000)
https://www.mn.uio.no/fysikk/english/research/about/infrastructure/ocl/nuclear-physics-research/compilation/. Accessed 23 Sept 2021
A.C. Larsen, M. Guttormsen, M. Krtička, E. Běták, A. Bürger, A. Görgen, H.T. Nyhus, J. Rekstad, A. Schiller, S. Siem, H.K. Toft, G.M. Tveten, A.V. Voinov, K. Wikan, Phys. Rev. C 83, 034315 (2011)
A. Voinov, S.M. Grimes, C.R. Brune, M. Guttormsen, A.C. Larsen, T.N. Massey, A. Schiller, Phys. Rev. C 81, 024319 (2010)
M. Guttormsen, A.C. Larsen, A. Görgen, T. Renstrøm, S. Siem, T.G. Tornyi, G.M. Tveten, Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 012502 (2016)
S. Goriely, Nucl. Phys. A 605, 28–60 (1996)
S. Hilaire, S. Goriely, Nucl. Phys. A 779, 63–81 (2006)
https://www-nds.iaea.org/RIPL-3/. Accessed 23 Sept 2021
G. Maino, E. Menapace, A. Ventura, Nouvo Cimeto A 57, 427 (1980)
G. Maino, M. Vaccari, A. Ventura, Comput. Phys. Commun. 29, 375 (1983)
M.I. Svirin, Phys. Part. Nucl. 37, 475 (2006)
A.V. Ignatyuk, K.K. Istekov, G.N. Smirenkin, Yad. Fiz. 29, 875 (1979)
A.V. Ignatyuk, M.G. Itkis, V.N. Okolovich et al., Yad. Fiz. 21, 1185 (1975)
N.J. Bishop, I. Halpern, R.W. Shaw, R. Vandenbosch, Nucl. Phys. A 198, 161 (1972)
W.D. Myers, W.J. Swiatecki, Ark. Fizik. 36, 343 (1967)
https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/ensdf/. Accessed 23 Sept 2021
M. Herman, et al, INDC(NDS) 0603 (2015)
Acknowledgements
This work was funded by the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of Vietnam under the Program of Development in Physics (Grant No. DTDLCN.02/19) and the National Foundation for Science and Technology Development (NAFOSTED) of Vietnam (Grant No. 103.04-2019.371).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Additional information
Communicated by Jerome Margueron.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Cong, V.D., Xuan, T.D., Hai, N.X. et al. Normalizing the enhanced generalized superfluid model of nuclear level density. Eur. Phys. J. A 57, 304 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/s10050-021-00615-4
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/s10050-021-00615-4