Skip to main content
Log in

Radiolarian skeleton: Morphology of spines, internal framework, and primary sphere

  • Published:
Paleontological Journal Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The morphology and evolution of the internal framework, primary inner sphere, and various spines of radiolarian skeletons are considered. A new scheme of successive stages of spine formation is offered. The convergent similarity of radiolarian spines and sponge spicules are discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. M. S. Afanasieva, “Radiolarians of the Family Pylentonemidae,” Paleontol. Zh., No. 3, 22–35 (1986).

  2. M. S. Afanasieva, Atlas of Paleozoic Radiolaria from the Russian Platform (Nauchnyi Mir, Moscow, 2000) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  3. M. S. Afanasieva, “Radiolarian Skeletons: Formation and Morphology of Skeletal Shells,” Paleontol. Zh., No. 5, 13–24 (2006) [Paleontol. J. 40 (5), 485–497 (2006)].

  4. M. S. Afanasieva and E. O. Amon, “A New Classification of the Radiolaria,” Paleontol. Zh., No. 6, 72–86 (2003) [Paleontol. J. 37 (6), 630–645 (2003)].

  5. M. S. Afanasieva and V. S. Vishnevskaya, “Possible Reasons for the Appearance of Siliceous Skeletons in Radiolarians,” Dokl. Akad. Nauk 325(3), 590–596 (1992).

    Google Scholar 

  6. O. R. Anderson, “Radiolaria,” in Biochemistry and Physiology of Protozoa (New York, 1980), Vol. 10, No. 3, pp. 1–42.

    Google Scholar 

  7. O. R. Anderson, “Radiolarian Fine Structure and Silica Deposition,” in Silicon and Siliceous Structures in Biological Systems (Springer, New York-Heidelberg-Berlin, 1981), pp. 347–379.

    Google Scholar 

  8. O. R. Anderson, Radiolaria (Springer, New York, 1983).

    Google Scholar 

  9. O. R. Anderson, “Physiological Studies of Polycystine Radiolaria” in Morphology, Ecology, and Evolution of Radiolarians (Nauka, Leningrad, 1984), pp. 31–34 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  10. J. Cachon and M. Cachon, “Les modalités du depot de la silice chez Radiolaires,” Arch. Protisten. 114, 1–13 (1972).

    Google Scholar 

  11. P. De Wever, P. Dumitrica, J. P. Caulet, et al., Radiolarians in the Sedimentary Record (Gordon and Breach Sci. Publ., Amsterdam, 2001).

    Google Scholar 

  12. P. De Wever, A. Sanfilippo, W. R. Riedel, and B. Gruber, “Triassic Radiolarians from Greece, Sicily and Turkey,” Micropaleontology 225(1), 75–110 (1979).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. P. Dumitrica, “Triassic Palaeosceniidae and Entactiniidae from Vicentinian Alps (Italy) and Eastern Carpathians (Romania),” Dari de seama ale medinteler. Inst. Geol. Geofis. 64, Part 3, 39–54 (1978).

    Google Scholar 

  14. P. Dumitrica, “Internal Morphology of the Saturnalidae (Radiolaria): Systematic and Phylogenetic Consequences,” Rev. Micropaleontol. 28(3), 181–196 (1985).

    Google Scholar 

  15. F. Francois, “Deep Sea Biogenic Silica: New Structural and Analytical Data from Infra-Red Analysis Geological Implications,” Terra Nova 1(3), 267–273 (1989).

    Google Scholar 

  16. E. Haeckel, “Report on the Radiolaria Collected by H.M.S. ‘Challenger’ during the Years 1873–1876,” Rept. Sci. Result Voy. “Challenger”. Zool. Edinburg. 18 (Part 1–2), 1–1803 (1887).

    Google Scholar 

  17. A. Hollande and M. Enjumet, “Cytologie, evolution et systématique des Sphaeroides (Radiolaires),” Arch. Mus. Nat. Hist. Paris, Ser. 7 7, 1–134 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  18. G. V. Kukolev, Chemistry of Silicon and Physical Chemistry of Silicates (Vyssh. Shkola, Moscow, 1966) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  19. D. D. Mordukhai-Boltovskoy, “Geometry of Radiolarians,” Uch. Zap. Rostov. Univ., No. 8, 1–91 (1936).

  20. B. B. Nazarov, Paleozoic Radiolarians: Practical Handbook of the Microfauna of the USSR (Nedra, Leningrad, 1988), Vol. 2 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  21. B. B. Nazarov and A. R. Ormiston, “Tentative System of Paleozoic Radiolaria,” in Morphology, Ecology, and Evolution of Radiolarians (Nauka, Leningrad, 1984), pp. 64–87 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  22. B. B. Nazarov and M. G. Petrushevskaya, “Class Radiolaria (Radiolarians),” in Manual on Micropaleontology, Ed. by N. I. Maslakova, T. N. Gorbachik, et al. (Mosk. Gos. Univ., Moscow, 1995), pp. 111–158 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  23. M. G. Petrushevskaya, “The Radiolarians Nassellaria in Plankton of the World Ocean,” in Radiolarians of the Ocean: Exploration of the Fauna of the Seas (Nauka, Leningrad, 1971), pp. 5–294 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  24. M. G. Petrushevskaya, Radiolarians of the Order Nassellaria of the World Ocean (Nauka, Leningrad, 1981) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  25. M. G. Petrushevskaya, Radiolarian Analysis (Nauka, Leningrad, 1986) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  26. A. Popofsky, “Die Nassellarien des Warmwassergebietes,” in Deutsche Südpolar-Expedition 1901–1903 (Berlin, 1913), Vol. 14, pp. 217–416.

    Google Scholar 

  27. S. V. Tochilina, Problems of the Nassellarian Systematics: Biochemical Features of Evolution (Dal’nevost. Otd. Ross. Akad. Nauk, Vladivostok, 1997) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  28. M.-Z. Won and R. Below, “Cambrian Radiolaria from the Georgian Basin, Queensland, Australia,” Micropaleontology 45(4), 325–363 (1999).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. M.-Z. Won and W. J. Iams, “Late Cambrian Radiolarian Faunas and Biostratigraphy of the Cow Head Group, Western Newfoundland,” J. Paleontol. 76(1), 1–33 (2002).

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

Original Russian Text © M.S. Afanasieva, 2007, published in Paleontologicheskii Zhurnal, 2007, No. 1, pp. 3–14.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Afanasieva, M.S. Radiolarian skeleton: Morphology of spines, internal framework, and primary sphere. Paleontol. J. 41, 1–14 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0031030107010017

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0031030107010017

Key words

Navigation