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Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Among Cancer Survivors: the Role of Pre-existing Risk Factors and Cancer Treatments

  • Cardiovascular Disease (R Foraker, Section Editor)
  • Published:
Current Epidemiology Reports Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose of Review

The two leading causes of death in North America are cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer. As a result of necessary cancer treatments, survivors are at an increased risk of CVD. The contribution of cardio-toxic chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and radiation therapy to CVD is discussed. This paper addresses shared CVD and cancer risk factors (smoking tobacco, diet, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, hypertension, alcohol consumption, and hyperlipidemia) and the influence on cardiovascular outcomes in those treated with cardio-toxic cancer therapies.

Recent Findings

Strategies for prevention of CVD in cancer survivors are gaining more attention through rigorous screening, long-term surveillance, and referral to multidisciplinary cardio-oncology teams. Additionally, interventions, such as exercise prescription in the setting of cardiac rehabilitation, and pharmacologic approaches are suggested to lessen the burden of CV related toxicity in cancer survivors treated with cardio-toxic therapies.

Summary

Those with modifiable CVD risk factors treated with cardio-toxic cancer therapies are at an increased risk for cardiac dysfunction. Strategies for prevention, surveillance, and management include the integration of cardio-oncology teams and rehabilitation programs into cancer survivorship care.

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  1. Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada

    Derek Rothe & Edith Pituskin

  2. Department of Cardiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada

    Ian Paterson & Gabor Gyenes

  3. Cross Cancer Institute, 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, AB, Canada

    Nanette Cox-Kennett & Edith Pituskin

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Derek Rothe, Ian Paterson,Nanette Cox-Kennett, Gabor Gyenes, and Edith Pituskin each declare no potential conflicts of interest.

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Rothe, D., Paterson, I., Cox-Kennett, N. et al. Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Among Cancer Survivors: the Role of Pre-existing Risk Factors and Cancer Treatments. Curr Epidemiol Rep 4, 239–247 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40471-017-0117-9

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