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Space Charge Induced Nonlinear Effects in Quadrupole Ion Traps

  • Research Article
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Journal of The American Society for Mass Spectrometry

Abstract

A theoretical method was proposed in this work to study space charge effects in quadrupole ion traps, including ion trapping, ion motion frequency shift, and nonlinear effects on ion trajectories. The spatial distributions of ion clouds within quadrupole ion traps were first modeled for both 3D and linear ion traps. It is found that the electric field generated by space charge can be expressed as a summation of even-order fields, such as quadrupole field, octopole field, etc. Ion trajectories were then solved using the harmonic balance method. Similar to high-order field effects, space charge will result in an “ocean wave” shape nonlinear resonance curve for an ion under a dipolar excitation. However, the nonlinear resonance curve will be totally shifted to lower frequencies and bend towards ion secular frequency as ion motion amplitude increases, which is just the opposite effect of any even-order field. Based on theoretical derivations, methods to reduce space charge effects were proposed.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (21205005) and National Scientific Instrumentation Grant Program of China (2011YQ09000502, 2011YQ09000501 and 2012YQ040140-07).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China

    Dan Guo, Yuzhuo Wang & Wei Xu

  2. National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, China

    Xingchuang Xiong & Xiang Fang

  3. Beijing Purkinje General Instrument Co., Ltd, Beijing, China

    Hua Zhang & Xiaohua Zhang

  4. KunShan Innowave Communication Technology Co., Ltd, Jiangshu, China

    Tao Yuan

  5. School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Haidian, Beijing, 100081, China

    Wei Xu

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  1. Dan Guo
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  2. Yuzhuo Wang
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  3. Xingchuang Xiong
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  4. Hua Zhang
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  5. Xiaohua Zhang
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  6. Tao Yuan
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  8. Wei Xu
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Correspondence to Wei Xu.

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Dan Guo and Yuzhuo Wang contributed equally to this work.

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Guo, D., Wang, Y., Xiong, X. et al. Space Charge Induced Nonlinear Effects in Quadrupole Ion Traps. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 25, 498–508 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13361-013-0784-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13361-013-0784-9

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