Skip to main content
Log in

Production and performance analysis of an antibacterial foot sweat pad

  • Published:
Fibers and Polymers Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

An antibacterial foot sweat pad was designed and produced by using materials of standard disposable absorbent hygienic products. Topsheet layer of the pad was modified by two volatile oils; cinnamaldehyde and geraniol and a standard zinc-based synthetic antibacterial agent. Physical properties of the sweat pad was arranged according to the sweat disposal amount and dimensions of a foot. Besides antibacterial performance of the topsheet layer of the pad, surface characteristics (friction test), bending rigidity of the modified topsheet layer, liquid absorption and transfer characteristics of the pad were also investigated. Subjective forearm test was conducted to determine effects of antibacterial coating materials on coolness and dampness to touch sensations created by the pads in dry and wet forms. According to the results, cinnamaldehyde created maximum antibacterial activity, which is better than the commonly used synthetic agent, on topsheet layer of the pads and geraniol had an acceptable performance. But cinnamaldehyde treated topsheet fabric became stiffer, rougher and its liquid absorption characteristics deteriorated significantly. Zinc-based synthetic antibacterial agent created higher coolness and dampness sensations during skin contact according to forearm test results.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. J. Dutkiewicz, Autex Res. J., 2, 153 (2002).

    Google Scholar 

  2. H. Yokura and M. Niwa, Text. Res. J., 70, 135 (2000).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. A. M. Cottenden, M. J. Fader, L. Petterson, and R. J. Brooks, Med. Eng. Phys., 25, 603 (2003).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. A. M. Cottenden, J. G. Rothwell, H. Leander, M. A. Landeryou, M. J. Fader, L. Petterson, and R. J. Brooks, Med. Eng. Phys., 28, 42 (2006).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. A. Wright and A. Frank, INJ, 14, 19 (2005).

    Google Scholar 

  6. K. Hong, H. Kim, S. C. Kang, and T. J. Kang, Text. Res. J., 75, 544 (2005).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. H. I. Sul, K. H. Jong, H. Shim, and T. J. Kang, Text. Res. J., 76, 828 (2006).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. N. Yaman, M. F. Senol, and A. E. Tayyar, Fibres Text. East. Eur., 2, 80 (2007).

    Google Scholar 

  9. T. G. Sadıkoğlu and Ö. B. Berkalp, Tekst Konfeksiyon, 1, 70 (2010).

    Google Scholar 

  10. Y. Satsumoto and G. Hayenith, Text. Res. J., 80, 859 (2010).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. H. Yokura and S. Sukigara, Text. Res. J., 80, 1643 (2010).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. F. Meng, S. F. Frency, C. L. P. Hui, Y. Li, and J. Y. Hu, Text. Res. J., 81, 1647 (2011).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. T.G. Sadıkoğlu, Ö. B. Berkalp, and G. Turan, Tekst Konfeksiyon, 3, 217 (2011).

    Google Scholar 

  14. Y. Li and A. S. W. Wong, “Clothing Biosensory Engineering”, The Textile Institution Publications, USA, 2006

    Book  Google Scholar 

  15. W. Zhong, M. M. Q. Xing, N. Pan, and H. I. Maibach, Cutan. Ocul. Toxicol., 25, 23 (2006).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. M. R. Shariatmadari, R. English, and G. Rothwell, “Proceedings of the 26th Southern Biomedical Engineering Conference SBEC”, Maryland, USA, 30 April–2 May, 2010

  17. P. Langer, “Great Feet for Life: Footcare and Footwear for Healthy Aging”, Fairview Press, USA, 2007

    Google Scholar 

  18. M. Gorham, U.S. Patent, 4545080 (1985).

  19. N. Boutboul, I. Boutboul, and M. Boutboul, US Patent, 5790982 (1998).

  20. L. F. Zemljic, O. Sauperl, I. But, A. Zabret, and M. Lusicky, Text. Res. J., 81, 1183 (2011).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. R. S. Castro, U.S. Patent, 5699627 (1997).

  22. Baychar, U.S. Patent, 5738937 (1998).

  23. R. R. Williamson, N. C. Derby, and C. A. Nickell, U.S. Patent, 5951799 (1999).

  24. H. Ünal, MSc Thesis, School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, 2009.

    Google Scholar 

  25. S. Lee, J. S. Cho, and G. Cho, Text. Res. J., 69, 104 (1999).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. R. K. Virk, G. N. Ramaswamy, M. Bourham, and B. L. Bures, Text. Res. J., 74, 1073 (2004).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. W. Huang and K. K. Leonas, Text. Res. J., 70, 774 (2000).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. T. Nakashima, Y. Sakagami, H. Ito, and M. Matsuo, Text. Res. J., 71, 688 (2001).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. G. Soares, R. Vieira, J. Santos, P. Pereira, M. C. Ferreira, and J. Gomes, Fiber. Polym., 9, 450 (2008).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Y. Matsumura, K. Yoshikata S. Kunisaki, and T. Tsuchido, Appl. Environ. Microb., 69, 4278 (2003).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Z. Zhang, L. Chen, J. Ji, Y. Huang, and D. Chen, Text. Res. J., 73, 1103 (2003).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. S. H. Lim and S. M. Hudson, Carbohyd. Polym., 56, 227 (2004).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. K. F. El-Tahlawy, M. A. El-Bendary, A. G. Elhendawy, and S. M. Hudson, Carbohyd. Polym., 60, 421 (2005).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. M. Z. Elsabee, E. S. Abdou, K. S. A. Nagy, and M. Eweis, Carbohyd. Polym., 71, 187 (2008).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. M. Aider, Food Sci. Technol., 43, 837 (2010).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. K. Asanovic, T. Mihailovic, P. Skundric, and L. Simovic, Text. Res. J., 80, 1665 (2010).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. M. Kong, X. G. Chen, K. Xing, and H. J. Park, Int. J. Food Microbiol., 144, 51 (2010).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. X. P. Zhuang, X. P. Liu, S. Y. Li, B. W. Cheng, and W. M. Kang, Fiber. Polym., 9, 400 (2008).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. M. P. Sathianarayanan, N. V. Bhat, S. S. Kokate, and V. E. Walunj, J. Fiber Text. Res., 35, 50 (2010).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. K. A. Hammer, C. F. Carson, and T. V. Riley, J. Appl. Microbiol., 86, 985 (1999).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. M. H. Boskabady, S. Kiani, and H. Rakhshandah, J. Ethnopharmacol., 106, 377 (2006).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. F. Bakkali, S. Averbeck, D. Averbeck, and M. Idaomar, Food Chem. Toxicol., 46, 446 (2008).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Y. Ju and J. S. Lee, Fiber. Polym., 11, 422 (2010).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. K. Kuklane and I. Holmer, Int. J. Occup. Saf. Erg., 4, 123 (1998).

    Google Scholar 

  45. A. O. Gill and R. A. Holley, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 70, 5750 (2004).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. S. M. Ali, A. A. Khan I. Ahmed, and M. Musaddiq, Ann. Clinic. Microbiol. Antimicrobiol., 4, 1 (2005).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. P. Domadia, S. Swarup, A. Bhunia, J. Sivaraman, and D. Dasgupta, Biochem. Pharmacol., 74, 831 (2007).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Y. Iijima, D. Gang, E. Fridman, E. Lewinsohn, and E. Pichersky, Plant Physiol., 134, 370 (2004).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. A. Aksit, The Scientific Technological Research Council of Turkey Project Report, Izmir, Turkey, 2006.

  50. A. Okur, Tekstil Maraton, 2, 47 (2002).

    Google Scholar 

  51. S. Kaplan and A. Okur, J. Sens. Stud., 24, 479 (2009).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  52. N. Kalebek, Ph.D. Dissertation, Cukurova University, School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Adana, Turkey, 2010.

  53. J. J. Boer, Text. Res. J., 50, 624 (1980).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  54. S. Kaplan and A. Aksoy, “Proceedings of the 5th International Technical Textiles Congress”, Izmir, Turkey, 7–9 November, 2012

  55. F. J. Gravetter and L. B. Wallnau, “Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences”, Wadsworth Pub., USA, 2008

  56. D. J. Sheskin, “Handbook of Parametric and Nonparametric Statistical Procedures”, Third Edition, CRC Press, USA, 2004.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sibel Kaplan.

Additional information

Some part of this study was presented at 5th International Technical Textiles Congress.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Aksoy, A., Kaplan, S. Production and performance analysis of an antibacterial foot sweat pad. Fibers Polym 14, 316–323 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12221-013-0316-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12221-013-0316-z

Keywords

Navigation