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Brain Activation of SIRT1: Role in Neuropathology

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Abstract

Sirtuins (SIRTs) are a family of regulatory proteins of genetic information with a high degree of conservation among species. The SIRTs are heavily involved in several physiological functions including control of gene expression, metabolism, and aging. SIRT1 has been the most studied sirtuin and plays important role in the prevention and progression of neurodegenerative diseases acting in different pathways of proteins involved in brain function. SIRT1 activation regulates important genes that also exert neuroprotective actions such as p53, nuclear factor kappa B, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ), PPARγ coactivator-1α, liver X receptor, and forkhead box O. It is well established in literature that growing population aging, oxidative stress, inflammation, and genetic factors are important conditions to development of neurodegenerative disorders. However, the exact pathophysiological mechanisms leading to these diseases remain obscure. The sirtuins show strong potential to become valuable predictive and prognostic markers for diseases and as therapeutic targets for the treatment of a variety of neurodegenerative disorders. In this context, the aim of the current review is to present an actual view of the potential role of SIRT1 in modulating the interaction between target genes and neurodegenerative diseases on the brain.

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Acknowledgments

Our research group is supported by the Coordenadoria de Aperfeiçoamento do Pessoal de Nível Superior, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, and Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Health Science, Postgraduate Program in Health Science, State University of Montes Claros (Unimontes), Av. Cula Mangabeira, 562—Santo Expedito, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, 39401-001, Brazil

    Alanna Fernandes Paraíso, Keila Lopes Mendes & Sergio Henrique Sousa Santos

  2. Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Minas Gerais (IFMG), São João Evangelista, Minas Gerais, Brazil

    Keila Lopes Mendes

  3. Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Pharmacology Department, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil

    Sergio Henrique Sousa Santos

  4. Pharmacology Department, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av Antonio Carlos 6627-ICB, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil

    Sergio Henrique Sousa Santos

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Correspondence to Sergio Henrique Sousa Santos.

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Paraíso, A.F., Mendes, K.L. & Santos, S.H.S. Brain Activation of SIRT1: Role in Neuropathology. Mol Neurobiol 48, 681–689 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-013-8459-x

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  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-013-8459-x

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