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Skin and Soft Tissue Infections Due to Nontuberculous Mycobacteria

  • Skin, Soft Tissue, Bone and Joint Infections (N Safdar and A Pop-Vicas, Section Editors)
  • Published:
Current Infectious Disease Reports Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose of Review

This review describes recent trends in the epidemiology of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), emerging pathogens, new insights into NTM pathogenesis, and advances in diagnosis and treatment.

Recent Findings

Emerging pathogens include Mycobacterium chimaera and drug-resistant subspecies of Mycobacterium abscessus. Important virulence mechanisms of pathogenic NTM include the ability to alter the macrophage’s permissiveness to intracellular bacterial growth. New diagnostic tools consist of DNA probes, gene sequencing, and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight. These methods allow rapid speciation of NTM species, in some cases directly from patient samples. There are few novel agents available to treat NTM, although some repurposed drugs show excellent activity.

Summary

The incidence of NTM infections appears to be increasing in a number of regions around the world. Molecular methods are now the diagnostic tools of choice. Discovery of novel effective agents and/or drug combinations with greater likelihood of cure, shorter treatment duration, and fewer side effects are research priorities.

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Notes

  1. M. tuberculosis complex members: M. africanum, M. bovis, M. cannetti, M. caprae, M. microti, M. pinnepedii, and M. tuberculosis.

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  1. Division of Allergy and Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Medical Foundation Centennial Building, 1685 Highland Avenue, 5th floor, Madison, WI, 53705-2281, USA

    Elizabeth Ann Misch

  2. Division of Allergy and Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA

    Christopher Saddler

  3. Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA

    James Muse Davis

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Misch, E.A., Saddler, C. & Davis, J.M. Skin and Soft Tissue Infections Due to Nontuberculous Mycobacteria. Curr Infect Dis Rep 20, 6 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11908-018-0611-3

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