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Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Cardiovascular Disease Prevention: an Update

  • Coronary Heart Disease (S. Virani and S. Naderi, Section Editors)
  • Published:
Current Atherosclerosis Reports Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Cardiovascular diseases account for nearly one third of all deaths globally. Improving exercise capacity and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) has been an important target to reduce cardiovascular events. In addition, the American Heart Association defined decreased physical activity as the fourth risk factor for coronary artery disease. Multiple large cohort studies have evaluated the impact of CRF on outcomes. In this review, we will discuss the role of CRF in reducing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.

Recent Findings

Recent data suggest that CRF has an important role in reducing not only cardiovascular and all-cause mortality, but also incident myocardial infarction, hypertension, diabetes, atrial fibrillation, heart failure, and stroke. Most recently, its role in cancer prevention started to emerge. CRF protective effects have also been seen in patients with prior comorbidities like prior coronary artery disease, heart failure, depression, end-stage renal disease, and stroke.

Summary

The prognostic value of CRF has been demonstrated in various patient populations and cardiovascular conditions. Higher CRF is associated with improved survival and decreased incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and other comorbidities including hypertension, diabetes, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. King Abdulaziz Cardiac Center, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, King Abdulaziz Medical City, P.O. Box 22490, Riyadh, 11426, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

    Mouaz H. Al-Mallah

  2. King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

    Mouaz H. Al-Mallah, Sherif Sakr & Ada Al-Qunaibet

  3. King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

    Mouaz H. Al-Mallah & Ada Al-Qunaibet

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  1. Mouaz H. Al-Mallah
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Correspondence to Mouaz H. Al-Mallah.

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Mouaz H. Al-Mallah, Sherif Sakr, and Ada Al-Qunaibet declare no conflict of interest.

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This article is part of the Topical Collection on Coronary Heart Disease

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Al-Mallah, M.H., Sakr, S. & Al-Qunaibet, A. Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Cardiovascular Disease Prevention: an Update. Curr Atheroscler Rep 20, 1 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11883-018-0711-4

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