Abstract
The persistence conjecture is a long-standing open problem in chemical reaction network theory. It concerns the behavior of solutions to coupled ODE systems that arise from applying mass-action kinetics to a network of chemical reactions. The idea is that if all reactions are reversible in a weak sense, then no species can go extinct. A notion that has been found useful in thinking about persistence is that of “critical siphon.” We explore the combinatorics of critical siphons, with a view toward the persistence conjecture. We introduce the notions of “drainable” and “self-replicable” (or autocatalytic) siphons. We show that: Every minimal critical siphon is either drainable or self-replicable; reaction networks without drainable siphons are persistent; and nonautocatalytic weakly reversible networks are persistent. Our results clarify that the difficulties in proving the persistence conjecture are essentially due to competition between drainable and self-replicable siphons.
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Acknowledgments
We thank Jaikumar Radhakrishnan for pointing out that our proof of Theorem 4.9 showed a result mildly stronger (\(\mathbb {R}^n_{<0} \subseteq \mathrm{cone }(\mathrm{rows }(A))\)) than what we had asserted in a previous draft (\(\mathrm{cone }(\mathrm{rows }(A)) \cap \mathbb {R}^n_{<0}\) is nonempty). We thank the referees for useful comments.
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Deshpande, A., Gopalkrishnan, M. Autocatalysis in Reaction Networks. Bull Math Biol 76, 2570–2595 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11538-014-0024-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11538-014-0024-x