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Differential metabolomic responses of PAMP-triggered immunity and effector-triggered immunity in Arabidopsis suspension cells

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Abstract

Introduction

The rhizobacterial tomato pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato str. DC3000 (PstDC3000), like many plant pathogenic bacteria, can elicit hypersensitive response in non-host plant cells. PstDC3000 uses a type III protein secretion system (T3SS) to deliver effector proteins.

Objectives

We compared metabolomic responses of Arabidopsis suspension cells to a wild-type PstDC3000, a T3SS deletion mutant PstDC3000D28E, and a pathogen associated molecular pattern (PAMP) flagellin’s N-terminal domain’s 22-aa peptide (flg22) to obtain metabolomics insights into the plant cell PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI).

Methods

Using targeted HPLC-MRM-MS and untargeted GC-MS approaches, we monitored qualitative and quantitative changes of 312 metabolites in central and specialized metabolic pathways in a time-course study.

Results

The overall metabolomic changes induced by the three treatments included phenylpropanoid, flavonoid, and phytohormone biosynthetic pathways, as well as primary metabolism in amino acid and sugar biosynthesis. In addition to shared metabolites, flg22, PstDC3000D28E and PstDC3000 each caused unique metabolite changes in the course of the development of PTI and ETI.

Conclusion

PstDC3000D28E triggered PTI responses were different from those of flg22. This study has not only revealed the discernible metabolomics features associated with the flg22, PstDC3000D28E and PstDC3000 treatments, but also laid a foundation toward further understanding of metabolic regulation and responses underlying plant PTI and ETI.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation grant NSF-MCB-1158000 to SC.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, Genetics Institute, Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA

    Biswapriya B. Misra & Sixue Chen

  2. Training Institute, Thermo Fisher Scientific, 1400 Northpoint Parkway, Ste 10, West Palm Beach, FL, 33407, USA

    Evaldo de Armas

  3. Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, Cancer & Genetics Research Complex, Room 438, University of Florida, 2033 Mowry Road, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA

    Sixue Chen

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Misra, B.B., de Armas, E. & Chen, S. Differential metabolomic responses of PAMP-triggered immunity and effector-triggered immunity in Arabidopsis suspension cells. Metabolomics 12, 61 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11306-016-0984-y

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