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Platelet distribution width and the risk of periprocedural myocardial infarction in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention

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Abstract

Periprocedural myocardial infarction (PMI) still occurs in a large amount of percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI), mainly due to increased platelet activation. Platelet size has been suggested as an indicator of enhanced reactivity and platelet distribution width (PDW) could reflect morphologic changes in platelets, therefore affecting their function and potentially increasing the risk of complications after coronary stenting. Aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between PDW and PMI. We included 1,300 consecutive patients undergoing PCI. Myonecrosis biomarkers were dosed at intervals from 6 to 48 h after PCI. Periprocedural myonecrosis was defined as troponin I increase by three times the ULN or by 50 % of an elevated baseline value, whereas PMI as CKMB increase by three times the ULN or 50 % of baseline. We grouped patients according to tertiles values of PDW (<12.1; ≥13.9). Higher PDW was associated with age (p = 0.03), diabetes (p < 0.001), previous cerebrovascular accidents (p = 0.04), therapy with statins (p = 0.001) and ARBs (p < 0.001), ASA (p = 0.02), nitrates (p = 0.006), calcium antagonists (p = 0.05) and lower pre-procedural clopidogrel bolus (p = 0.005). PDW related with haemoglobin levels (p < 0.001), while inversely to platelet count (p < 0.001) and glycaemia (p = 0.003). Patients with larger PDW had lower presence of coronary thrombus (p < 0.001), higher rate of coronary calcifications (p = 0.02), higher stenting rate (p = 0.03) and lower rate of distal embolization (p = 0.03). Larger PDW did not increase risk of PMI (p = 0.11; adjusted OR [95 % CI] = 0.94 [0.78–1.1], p = 0.55) or periprocedural myonecrosis (p = 0.73; adjusted OR [95 % CI] = 0.95 [0.82–1.1], p = 0.51). Results were confirmed even in higher-risk subgroups of patients. In patients undergoing coronary stenting, PDW does not increase the risk of periprocedural MI and therefore should not be considered a risk factor for thrombotic periprocedural complications after PCI.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria “Maggiore della Carità”, Eastern Piedmont University, C.so Mazzini, 18, 28100, Novara, Italy

    Monica Verdoia, Lucia Barbieri, Alon Schaffer, Ettore Cassetti, Gabriella Di Giovine, Paolo Marino & Giuseppe De Luca

  2. Clinical Chemistry (GB), Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria “Maggiore della Carità”, Eastern Piedmont University, Novara, Italy

    Giorgio Bellomo

  3. Department of Translational Medicine, Eastern Piedmont University, C.so Mazzini, 18, 28100, Novara, Italy

    Fabiola Sinigaglia & Giuseppe De Luca

  4. Centro di Biotecnologie per la Ricerca Medica Applicata (BRMA), Eastern Piedmont University, C.so Mazzini, 18, 28100, Novara, Italy

    Fabiola Sinigaglia

Authors
  1. Monica Verdoia
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  2. Lucia Barbieri
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  3. Alon Schaffer
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  4. Ettore Cassetti
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  5. Gabriella Di Giovine
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  6. Giorgio Bellomo
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  7. Paolo Marino
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  8. Fabiola Sinigaglia
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  9. Giuseppe De Luca
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Monica Verdoia.

Additional information

This study was conducted on behalf of the Novara Atherosclerosis Study Group (NAS).

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Verdoia, M., Barbieri, L., Schaffer, A. et al. Platelet distribution width and the risk of periprocedural myocardial infarction in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. J Thromb Thrombolysis 37, 345–352 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11239-013-0954-4

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