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Gingival Crevicular Fluid and Salivary Periostin Levels in Non-Smoker Subjects With Chronic and Aggressive Periodontitis

Periostin Levels in Chronic and Aggressive Periodontitis

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Abstract

Periostin, an extracellular matrix protein functioning as an important structural mediator and adhesion molecule, has been shown to be an important regulator of connective tissue integrity. This study aimed to evaluate the levels of periostin in chronic periodontitis (CP) and aggressive periodontitis (AgP) compared to non-periodontitis (NP). Individuals were submitted to gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and saliva sampling. Periodontal examination consisted of plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP), and clinical attachment level (CAL) measurements. Assays for periostin were performed by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Periodontitis patients presented more severe clinical indices compared to the NP group (p < 0.001). The mean GCF level of periostin was lowest in the AgP group as compared to the other groups and was lower in the CP group as compared to the NP group (p < 0.001). Increased levels of periostin were observed in the saliva of patients with AgP as compared to the CP and NP groups (p < 0.05). There was a negative relationship between GCF periostin levels and clinical parameters (p < 0.01), whereas a positive correlation was observed between salivary periostin levels and full-mouth GI and CAL scores (p < 0.01). To our knowledge, this is the first report investigating periostin levels in GCF and saliva in aggressive periodontitis. The results suggest that subjects with CP and AgP exhibit a different periostin profile. Periostin in GCF may have a protective role against periodontal disease. Furthermore, salivary periostin concentrations may have a promising diagnostic potential for the aggressive forms of periodontal disease.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors are grateful to Bülent Özkan, Department of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey, for his support in statistical analyses.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Sifa University, İzmir, 35100, Turkey

    Cüneyt A. Aral

  2. Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, İzmir Katip Çelebi University, İzmir, Turkey

    Serhat Köseoğlu, Mehmet Sağlam, Tuğba Pekbağrıyanık & Levent Savran

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  1. Cüneyt A. Aral
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  2. Serhat Köseoğlu
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  3. Mehmet Sağlam
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Correspondence to Cüneyt A. Aral.

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The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Izmir Katip Çelebi University and performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.

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The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest relevant to this article.

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Aral, C.A., Köseoğlu, S., Sağlam, M. et al. Gingival Crevicular Fluid and Salivary Periostin Levels in Non-Smoker Subjects With Chronic and Aggressive Periodontitis. Inflammation 39, 986–993 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10753-016-0328-0

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