Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

HPTLC analysis of guggulsterone isomers in Commiphora wightii (Arn.) Bhandari: an endangered oleo-gum resin species heading towards extinction

  • Notes on Neglected and Underutilized Crops
  • Published:
Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The oleo-gum resin of Commiphora wightii (Arn.) Bhandari, a pharmacologically important balsamiferous woody shrub, has been used in treating various ailments and disorders since ancient times (2000 B.C.) due to the presence of steroidal compound guggulsterone. Two bioactive isomers of guggulsterone, E and Z, are responsible for lipid- and cholesterol-lowering and anti-cancerous activities. Further, guggul has been approved as food supplement by US-FDA as well as Council of Europe. Indiscriminate harvest of C. wightii from wild with negligible conservation efforts has lead to its inclusion in IUCN assemblage of endangered plant species. For identification of high guggulsterone yielding ecotypes of C. wightii, using high-performance thin-layer chromatographic (HPTLC) analysis, stem samples were collected from 50 plants from eleven locations in arid tracts of Haryana, Gujarat and Rajasthan. Dried, powdered material was subjected to extraction with petroleum ether using soxhlet apparatus. Samples were spotted on precoated activated silica plates (60F-254) and were developed using toluene–acetone (9:1 v/v) as mobile phase. The analysis was carried out in the absorbance mode at 250 nm using HPTLC scanner. The regression analysis data for the calibration plots for E and Z guggulsterone showed good linear relationship with R2 = 1 and 0.9897, respectively. Highest concentration of guggulsterone E (284 μg/g dry wt) was found in the accession collected from Palana, Bikaner whereas highest guggulsterone Z concentration (89.5 μg/g dry wt) was found in the accession collected from CAZRI, Jodhpur.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Agrawal H, Kaul N, Paradkar AR, Mahadik KR (2004a) HPTLC method for guggulsterone I. Quantitative determination of E- and Z-guggulsterone in herbal extract and pharmaceutical dosage form. J Pharmaceut Biomed Anal 36:33–41

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Agrawal H, Kaul N, Paradkar AR, Mahadik KR (2004b) HPTLC method for guggulsterone II. Stress degradation studies on guggulsterone. J Pharmaceut Biomed Anal 36:23–31

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Asouti E, Fuller D (2008) Trees and woodlands in South India: archaeological perspectives. Left Coast Press, Walnut Creek. ISBN: 978-1598742312, Indian edition, published 2010 by Munshiram Manoharlal, New Delhi

  • Barve DM, Mehta AR (1993) Clonal propagation of mature elite trees of Commiphora wightii. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 35:237–244

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Council of Europe (1981) Partial agreement in the Social and Public Health Field. Flavouring substances and natural sources of flavourings. List N2, no. 150. Editeur Maisonneuve, Strasbourg SA

  • Dass S, Ramawat KG (2009) Calcium deprivation markedly enhances guggulsterone accumulation in cell cultures of Commiphora wightii. Curr Sci 96:1022–1024

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dev S (1987) A modern look at an age old Ayurvedic drug guggulu. Sci Age 5:13–18

    Google Scholar 

  • Dev S (1999) Ancient-modern concordance in Ayurvedic plants: some examples. Environ Health Perspect 107:783–789

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • FAO (1995) Flavours and fragrances of plant origin. Non-wood forest products 1. Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), Rome

    Google Scholar 

  • Fatope MO, Al-Burtomani SKS, Ochei JO, Abdulnour AO, Al-Kindy MZ, Takeda Y (2003) Muscanone: a 3-O-(1′’,8′’14′’-trimethylhexadecanyl)naringenin from Commiphora wightii. Phytochem 62:1251–1255

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kant T, Prajapati S, Parmar A (2010) Efficient micropropagation from cotyledonary node cultures of Commiphora wightii (Arn.) Bhandari, an endangered medicinally important desert plant. J Plant Dev 17:37–48

    Google Scholar 

  • Kulhari A, Sheorayan A, Kalia S, Chaudhury A, Kalia RK (2012) Problems, progress and future prospects of improvement of Commiphora wightii (Arn.) Bhandari, an endangered herbal magic, through modern biotechnological tools—a review. Genet Res Crop Evol 59:1223–1254

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Maheshwari DV (2010) Guggul plantation shows good success in Kutch. Find Articles/Business/DNA: Daily News & Analysis, Mumbai

  • Mann PS, Vyas AK (1996) Effect of sowing date and nitrogen levels on yield, quality and net returns of blonde psyllium (Plantago ovata Forsk.). Ann Agric Res New Ser 22:425–428

    Google Scholar 

  • Mann PS, Vyas AK (1999) Effect of sowing dates and nitrogen levels on growth and nutrient uptake by isabgol (Plantago ovata). Ann Agric Res 20:517–518

    Google Scholar 

  • Miller JI (1968) Spice trade of the Roman Empire. Oxford University Press, Oxford

    Google Scholar 

  • Mesorb B, Nesbitt C, Misra R, Pandey CR (1998) High performance liquid chromatographic method for fingerprinting and quantitative determination of E- and Z-guggulsterones in Commiphora mukul resin and its products. J Chromatogr 720:189–196

    Google Scholar 

  • Nayak PS, Upadhyaya SD, Upadhyaya A (2009) A HPTLC densitometeric determination of Sinapic acid in Chandrasur (Lepidium sativum). J Sci Res 1:121–127

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nayak PS, Upadhyaya A, Dwivedi SK, Rao S (2012) HPLC analysis of Sinapic acid in Lepidium sativum. EJEAFChe 11:156–162

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rajpal V (2002) Standardization of botanicals: testing and extraction methods of medicinal herbs, vol 1. Eastern Publishers, New Delhi, pp 83–91

    Google Scholar 

  • Ramawat KG, Mathur M, Dass S, Suthar S (2008) Guggulsterone: a potent natural hypolipidemic agent from Commiphora wightii—problems, preservence, and prospects. In: Ramawat KG, Merillon JM (eds) Bioactive molecules and medicinal plants. Springer, Heidelberg, pp 101–121

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Samantaray S, Bishoyi A, Geetha KA, Satyabrata M (2011) Assessment of genetic diversity using RAPD and ISSR markers in guggul (Commiphora wightii) epubs.icar.org.in/ejournal/index.php/JMAP/article/download/4390/1725

  • Satyavati GV, Dwarakanath C, Tripath SN (1969) Experimental studies on the hypocholesterolemic effect of Commiphora mukul Engl. (Guggul). Indian J Med Res 57:1950–1962

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Saxena S, Jain DC, Gupta MM, Bhakuni RS, Mishra HO, Sharma RP (2000) High-performance thin-layer chromatographic analysis of hepatoprotective diterpenoids from Andrographis paniculata. Phytochem Anal 11:34–36

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shishodia S, Kuzhuvelil B, Harikumar DS, Dass S, Ramawat KG, Aggarwal BB (2008) The Guggul for chronic diseases: ancient medicine, modern targets. Anticancer Res 28:3647–3664

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Siddiqui ZM (2011) Guggul: an excellent herbal panacea. Asian J Pharma Health Sci 1:35–39

    Google Scholar 

  • Soni V, Swarnkar PL, Tyagi V, Pareek LK (2009) Variation in E- and Z-guggulsterone of Commiphora wightii. S Afr J Bot. doi:10.1016/J.SBJB.2009.10.004

    Google Scholar 

  • Verma N, Singh SK, Gupta RC (1998) Simultaneous determination of the stereoisomers of guggulsterone in serum by high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr 708:243–248

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yule H, Burnell AC (1886) Hobson-Jobson. The Anglo-Indian dictionary. Digital Dictionaries of South Asia: http://dsal.uchicago.edu/dictionaries/hobsonjobson/

Download references

Acknowledgments

A.K. thankfully acknowledges the financial assistance provided by Department of Biotechnology, Government of India, New Delhi, under the project sanctioned vide order no. BT/PR10526/NDB/51/164/2008. A.K. is also thankful to Director, CPB and CIRB for providing the lab facilities for research work.

Author information

Author notes

  1. Manisha Mangal

    Present address: CIPHET, Ludhiana, India

  2. Ashok K. Dhawan

    Present address: National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Kundli, 131028, Haryana, India

  3. Rajwant K. Kalia

    Present address: Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur, 342003, Rajasthan, India

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Plant Biotechnology, CCSHAU New Campus, Hisar, India

    Alpana Kulhari, Arun Sheorayan, Manisha Mangal, Ashok K. Dhawan & Rajwant K. Kalia

  2. Department of Bio and Nanotechnology, Guru Jambeshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, India

    Alpana Kulhari, Arun Sheorayan & Ashok Chaudhury

  3. Toxicological Laboratory, CIRB, Hisar, India

    Navneet Saxena & Chander Mohan

Authors
  1. Alpana Kulhari
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Arun Sheorayan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Navneet Saxena
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Chander Mohan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Manisha Mangal
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Ashok Chaudhury
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Ashok K. Dhawan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Rajwant K. Kalia
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rajwant K. Kalia.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Kulhari, A., Sheorayan, A., Saxena, N. et al. HPTLC analysis of guggulsterone isomers in Commiphora wightii (Arn.) Bhandari: an endangered oleo-gum resin species heading towards extinction. Genet Resour Crop Evol 60, 1173–1180 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-012-9947-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-012-9947-y

Keywords

Search

Navigation