Abstract
Soil samples at two depths were collected and analyzed to determine the concentrations of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), organic carbon, and soil pH. The Σ16PAHs were 0.13 to 3.92 mg kg−1 at depth 1 and 0.21 to 50.32 mg kg−1at depth 2. The averages of the PAH compounds indicate that the area is contaminated with oil, and this pollution was greater at depth 2. Interpolation maps showed that the southern region, especially at depth 2, has been contaminated more by anthropogenic activity. The diagnostic ratios indicate several sources of pollution of the agricultural soil. A comparison of average PAHs and standard values revealed that higher molecular weight compounds in the topsoil (InP and BghiP) and subsoil (BaA, BkF, BaP, DBA, and BghiP) exceed standard values for farmland. The pH interpolation map for both depths showed that most of the area has alkaline soil from long-term irrigation with untreated urban wastewater.
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Acknowledgments
This study was supported by the Tehran Regional Water Company. The authors thank Dr. Salemi for his help with the GC, Dr. Mirbagheri from the GIS and Remote Scene Institute for his help with the GIS, and Ms. Refahati, manager of the lab, for her assistance in the laboratory.
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Bayat, J., Hashemi, S.H., Khoshbakht, K. et al. Monitoring of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on agricultural lands surrounding Tehran oil refinery. Environ Monit Assess 187, 451 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-015-4646-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-015-4646-8