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Impact of carrot resistance on development of the Alternaria leaf blight pathogen (Alternaria dauci)

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Abstract

The interaction between Alternaria dauci and two carrot cultivars differing in their resistance to leaf blight was investigated by microscopy. The fungal development between 1 and 15 days post-inoculation was quite similar in the susceptible cv. Presto and the partially resistant cv. Texto: After conidial germination, leaf adhesion of the pathogen was achieved with mucilaginous filaments; hyphae penetrated the leaves directly with/without the formation of appressoria-like structures or via stomata; the fungus spread by epiphytic hyphae with hyphopodia and subcuticular mycelia. Intense necrotic plant cell reactions occurred under the fungal structures. At 21 days post-inoculation, typical features of fungal development were noted for each cultivar: growing hyphae emerged from stomata in cv. Presto, whereas conidiophores without conidia were observed in cv. Texto. Leaf tissues of both cultivars were strongly damaged and vesicle-like structures (assumed to be plant phenolics) were abundantly present between mesophyll cells. A real-time PCR method was developed for in planta quantification of A. dauci. Between 1 and 15 days post-inoculation, the fungal biomass was equivalent in the two cultivars and was about fourfold higher in cv. Presto than cv. Texto at 21 and 25 days post-inoculation. Taken together, our results indicated that A. dauci was able to colonize both cultivars in a similar manner during the first steps of the interaction, then fungal development in the partially resistant cultivar was restricted due to putative plant defence reactions. The results of this study enhance the overall understanding of infection processes in the A. dauci-carrot pathosystem.

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Abbreviations

ALB:

Alternaria leaf blight

Ct:

cycle threshold

Dpi:

days post-inoculation

ITS:

internal transcribed spacers

6-MM:

6-methoxymellein

gpd:

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase

qPCR:

quantitative PCR

SEM:

scanning electron microscopy

TEM:

transmission electron microscopy

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to Bruno Hamon (UMR PaVé), Marie Tellier and Anita Suel (UMR GenHort) for their excellent technical assistance and to David Manley for revising the English in the manuscript. We are also grateful to Nathalie Leduc (UMR Sagah) for advice in histology and Robert Filmon from the Service Commun d’Imagerie et d’Analyses Microscopiques (SCIAM, Université Angers).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. UMR A77 PaVé (INRA-INH-UA), UFR Sciences, Université d’Angers, 2 boulevard Lavoisier, 49045, Angers Cedex 01, France

    Cora Boedo, Philippe Simoneau & Pascal Poupard

  2. UMR 1259 GenHort (INRA-INH-UA), Institut National d’Horticulture, 2 rue Le Nôtre, 49045, Angers Cedex 01, France

    Cora Boedo, Valérie Le Clerc, Mathilde Briard & Michel Chevalier

  3. Service Commun d’Imagerie et d’Analyses Microscopiques, UFR Sciences Médicales, Université d’Angers, Rue Haute de Reculée, 49045, Angers Cedex 01, France

    Sonia Georgeault

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  1. Cora Boedo
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  2. Valérie Le Clerc
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  3. Mathilde Briard
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  4. Philippe Simoneau
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  7. Pascal Poupard
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Correspondence to Pascal Poupard.

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Boedo, C., Le Clerc, V., Briard, M. et al. Impact of carrot resistance on development of the Alternaria leaf blight pathogen (Alternaria dauci). Eur J Plant Pathol 121, 55–66 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-007-9241-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-007-9241-6

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