Abstract
Developmental errors are often induced in the embryos of many organisms by environmental stress. Ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B) is one of the most serious environmental stressors in embryonic development. Here, we investigated susceptibility to UV-B (0.5 kJ m−2) in embryos of the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, to examine the potential use of UV-B in control of this important agricultural pest worldwide. Peak susceptibility to UV-B (0% hatchability) was found in T. urticae eggs 36–48 h after oviposition at 25 °C, which coincides with the stages of morphogenesis forming the germ band and initial limb primordia. However, hatchability recovered to ~ 80% when eggs irradiated with UV-B were subsequently exposed to visible radiation (VIS) at 10.2 kJ m−2, driving photoreactivation (the photoenzymatic repair of DNA damage). The recovery effect decreased to 40–70% hatchability, depending on the embryonic developmental stage, when VIS irradiation was delayed for 4 h after the end of exposure to UV-B. Thus UV-B damage to T. urticae embryos is critical, particularly in the early stages of morphogenesis, and photoreactivation functions to mitigate UV-B damage, even in the susceptible stages, but immediate VIS irradiation is needed after exposure to UV-B. These findings suggest that nighttime irradiation with UV-B can effectively kill T. urticae eggs without subsequent photoreactivation and may be useful in the physical control of this species.
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Acknowledgements
We thank Masao Ohyama for his technical assistance in developing the LED-based UV-B irradiation system used in this study.
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Yoshioka, Y., Gotoh, T. & Suzuki, T. UV-B susceptibility and photoreactivation in embryonic development of the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae. Exp Appl Acarol 75, 155–166 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10493-018-0263-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10493-018-0263-x