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An integrated analysis (microfacies and ichnology) of a shallow carbonate-platform succession: upper Aptian, Lower Cretaceous, Betic Cordillera

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Abstract

Four lithofacies and 12 microfacies types recognized in an upper Aptian section in the Sierra de Bedmar-Jódar (Prebetic of Jaén) represent shallow lagoonal environments (marl and marly limestone) and sand bars that delimited the lagoon. The lagoonal facies reflect subtidal restricted water circulation with low energy. The sand bar facies (intertidal environment) have upper surfaces that show the effects of supratidal and subaerial conditions. The presence of early fractures in particular lithofacies shows the importance of local synsedimentary tectonics during sedimentation. Thalassinoides, ?Arenicolites, Diplocraterion, Circolites, Gastrochaenolites and Trypanites are recorded in different beds of this section, reflecting various states of substrate consistency, in the form of firmground, hardground, and rockground. Whereas firmground conditions were dominant in the lower part of the section, hardgrounds and rockgrounds are mainly present in the upper part of the section. Four types of shallowing-upward elementary sequence are recognized. All the sequences show at the base mudstone or wackestone microfacies representing a lagoonal environment, overlain by sand-bar grain-pack-stone facies corresponding to a bar bounding the lagoon. The factors that controlled their development were carbonate production and tectonic movements.

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Acknowledgements

The research by Rodríguez-Tovar was funded by Project CGL2015-66835-P (Secretaría de Estado de I+D+I, Spain), the Research Group RNM-178 (Junta de Andalucía), and the Unidad Científica de Excelencia (UCE-2016-05, Univ. Granada). For the rest of the authors, funding came from Project CGL2014-55274-P (Secretaría de Estado de I+D+I, Spain) and Research Group RNM-200 (Junta de Andalucía). P.W. Skelton and J.P. Masse are thanked for their help in the determination of rudists and orbitolinids, respectively. We acknowledge Mr Antonio Piedra-Martínez, Technician of the Laboratory of Geology (University of Jaén). The comments of the Editor, Dr. Tucker, and both reviewers, Dr. Uchman and Dr. Corbí, have improved the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Geología and Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Ciencias de la Tierra (CEACTierra), Universidad de Jaén, 23071, Jaén, Spain

    L. M. Nieto, M. Reolid, J. M. Castro, J. M. Molina & P. A. Ruiz-Ortiz

  2. Departamento de Estratigrafía y Paleontología, Universidad de Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain

    F. J. Rodríguez-Tovar

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  1. L. M. Nieto
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  2. M. Reolid
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  3. F. J. Rodríguez-Tovar
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  4. J. M. Castro
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  5. J. M. Molina
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  6. P. A. Ruiz-Ortiz
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Correspondence to L. M. Nieto.

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Nieto, L.M., Reolid, M., Rodríguez-Tovar, F.J. et al. An integrated analysis (microfacies and ichnology) of a shallow carbonate-platform succession: upper Aptian, Lower Cretaceous, Betic Cordillera. Facies 64, 4 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10347-017-0515-y

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