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Population viability analysis predicts decreasing genetic diversity in ex situ populations of the Itasenpara bitterling Acheilognathus longipinnis from the Kiso River, Japan

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Abstract

To conserve endangered species, the maintenance of ex situ captive populations with sustainable genetic diversity is often required, in combination with population viability analysis (PVA). Since 2010, the threatened Itasenpara bitterling Acheilognathus longipinnis lineages in the Kiso region, Japan, have been maintained in ex situ rearing facilities to allow for conservation efforts. In this study, we obtained microsatellite data from DNA extracted from these captive populations to elucidate their genetic diversity and effective population size. The populations of several initial generations indicated a deviation from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, probably due to the limited number of extracted founder individuals analyzed. The effective population size of the captive population tended to increase over the course of generations, although the degree of genetic diversity tended to decrease highlighting the concern for the progression of inbreeding. Our prediction based on the PVA suggests that the maintenance of the captive population under the current conditions could lead to extinction of the Itasenpara bitterling in 50 years. In contrast, simultaneously increasing the carrying capacity and individual exchange among populations appears to enhance the effective management of captive Itasenpara bitterling populations.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to the members of the Gifu World Fresh Water Aquarium, Gifu Prefectural Research Institute for Fisheries and Aquatic Environments, and Hekinan Seaside Aquarium for their support in rearing fish and completing experiments. We also thank Shiro Sagawa from the Hyogo Prefectural University and Masaki Nishio on the Board of Education in Himi City, for their invaluable suggestions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate School of Science and Engineering for Research, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-8555, Japan

    Yuji Yamazaki

  2. Gifu World Fresh Water Aquarium, 1453 Kawashimakasada, Kakamigahara, Gifu, 501-6021, Japan

    Koki Ikeya

  3. Gifu Prefectural Research Institute for Fisheries and Aquatic Environments, Kawashimakasada, Kakamigahara, Gifu, 501-6021, Japan

    Kouichi Goto

  4. Hekinan Seaside Aquarium, 2-3 Hamamachi, Hekinan, Aichi, 447-0853, Japan

    Yoshizumi Chimura

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  1. Yuji Yamazaki
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  2. Koki Ikeya
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  4. Yoshizumi Chimura
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Correspondence to Yuji Yamazaki.

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Yamazaki, Y., Ikeya, K., Goto, K. et al. Population viability analysis predicts decreasing genetic diversity in ex situ populations of the Itasenpara bitterling Acheilognathus longipinnis from the Kiso River, Japan. Ichthyol Res 64, 54–63 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10228-016-0540-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10228-016-0540-9

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