Abstract
Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at high risk of HIV infection. The APOBEC3G (apolipoprotein B mRNA editing catalytic polypeptide 3G) protein is a component of innate antiviral immunity that inhibits HIV-1 replication. In the present study, a total of 483 HIV-1 seropositive men and 493 HIV-1 seronegative men were selected to investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the APOBEC3G gene and susceptibility to HIV-1 infection and AIDS progression among MSM residing in northern China. Genotyping of four SNPs (rs5757465, rs3736685, rs8177832, and rs2899313) of the APOBEC3G was performed using the SNPscan™ Kit, while the rs2294367 polymorphism was genotyped using the SNaPshot multiplex system. Our results disclosed no association between the SNPs of APOBEC3G and susceptibility to HIV-1, or effects of these polymorphisms on the CD4+ T cell count or clinical phase of disease. A meta-analysis of 1624 men with HIV-1 infection and 1523 controls suggested that the association between rs8177832 and susceptibility was not significant. However, we observed a trend towards association with HIV-1 infection for haplotype TTACA (p = 0.082). The potential role of variants of APOBEC3G in HIV-1/AIDS warrants further investigation.
Similar content being viewed by others
Reference
An P, Bleiber G, Duggal P, Nelson G, May M, Mangeat B, Alobwede I, Trono D, Vlahov D, Donfield S, Goedert JJ, Phair J, Buchbinder S, O’Brien SJ, Telenti A, Winkler CA (2004) APOBEC3G genetic variants and their influence on the progression to AIDS. J Virol 78:11070–11076
An P, Penugonda S, Thorball CW, Bartha I, Goedert JJ, Donfield S, Buchbinder S, Binns-Roemer E, Kirk GD, Zhang W, Fellay J, Yu XF, Winkler CA (2016) Role of APOBEC3F gene variation in HIV-1 disease progression and pneumocystis pneumonia. PLoS Genet 12:e1005921
Anderson JL, Hope TJ (2008) APOBEC3G restricts early HIV-1 replication in the cytoplasm of target cells. Virology 375:1–12
Beyrer C, Baral SD, van Griensven F, Goodreau SM, Chariyalertsak S, Wirtz AL, Brookmeyer R (2012) Global epidemiology of HIV infection in men who have sex with men. Lancet 380:367–377
Bishop KN, Verma M, Kim EY, Wolinsky SM, Malim MH (2008) APOBEC3G inhibits elongation of HIV-1 reverse transcripts. PLoS Pathogens 4:e1000231
Bogerd HP, Doehle BP, Wiegand HL, Cullen BR (2004) A single amino acid difference in the host APOBEC3G protein controls the primate species specificity of HIV type 1 virion infectivity factor. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101:3770–3774
Bunupuradah T, Imahashi M, Iampornsin T, Matsuoka K, Iwatani Y, Puthanakit T, Ananworanich J, Sophonphan J, Mahanontharit A, Naoe T, Vonthanak S, Phanuphak P, Sugiura W, Team PS (2012) Association of APOBEC3G genotypes and CD4 decline in Thai and Cambodian HIV-infected children with moderate immune deficiency. AIDS Res Ther 9:34
Compaore TR, Soubeiga ST, Ouattara AK, Obiri-Yeboah D, Tchelougou D, Maiga M, Assih M, Bisseye C, Bakouan D, Compaore IP, Dembele A, Martinson J, Simpore J (2016) APOBEC3G variants and protection against HIV-1 infection in Burkina Faso. PloS One 11:e0146386
Conticello SG, Harris RS, Neuberger MS (2003) The Vif protein of HIV triggers degradation of the human antiretroviral DNA deaminase APOBEC3G. Current Biol CB 13:2009–2013
De Maio FA, Rocco CA, Aulicino PC, Bologna R, Mangano A, Sen L (2011) Effect of HIV-1 Vif variability on progression to pediatric AIDS and its association with APOBEC3G and CUL5 polymorphisms. Infect Genet Evol J Mol Epidemiol Evol Genet Infect Dis 11:1256–1262
De Maio FA, Rocco CA, Aulicino PC, Bologna R, Mangano A, Sen L (2012) APOBEC3-mediated editing in HIV type 1 from pediatric patients and its association with APOBEC3G/CUL5 polymorphisms and Vif variability. AIDS Res Hum Retrovir 28:619–627
Do H, Vasilescu A, Diop G, Hirtzig T, Heath SC, Coulonges C, Rappaport J, Therwath A, Lathrop M, Matsuda F, Zagury JF (2005) Exhaustive genotyping of the CEM15 (APOBEC3G) gene and absence of association with AIDS progression in a French cohort. J Infect Dis 191:159–163
Hallman DM, Boerwinkle E, Saha N, Sandholzer C, Menzel HJ, Csazar A, Utermann G (1991) The apolipoprotein E polymorphism: a comparison of allele frequencies and effects in nine populations. Am J Hum Genet 49:338–349
Harris RS, Bishop KN, Sheehy AM, Craig HM, Petersen-Mahrt SK, Watt IN, Neuberger MS, Malim MH (2003) DNA deamination mediates innate immunity to retroviral infection. Cell 113:803–809
Iwabu Y, Kinomoto M, Tatsumi M, Fujita H, Shimura M, Tanaka Y, Ishizaka Y, Nolan D, Mallal S, Sata T, Tokunaga K (2010) Differential anti-APOBEC3G activity of HIV-1 Vif proteins derived from different subtypes. J Biol Chem 285:35350–35358
Jia Y, Aliyu MH, Jennifer Huang Z (2014) Dynamics of the HIV epidemic in MSM. BioMed Res Int 2014:497543
Lecossier D, Bouchonnet F, Clavel F, Hance AJ (2003) Hypermutation of HIV-1 DNA in the absence of the Vif protein. Science 300:1112
Li X, Lu H, Cox C, Zhao Y, Xia D, Sun Y, He X, Xiao Y, Ruan Y, Jia Y, Shao Y (2014) Changing the landscape of the HIV epidemic among MSM in China: results from three consecutive respondent-driven sampling surveys from 2009 to 2011. BioMed Res Int 2014:563517
Luo K, Wang T, Liu B, Tian C, Xiao Z, Kappes J, Yu XF (2007) Cytidine deaminases APOBEC3G and APOBEC3F interact with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase and inhibit proviral DNA formation. J Virol 81:7238–7248
Mangeat B, Turelli P, Caron G, Friedli M, Perrin L, Trono D (2003) Broad antiretroviral defence by human APOBEC3G through lethal editing of nascent reverse transcripts. Nature 424:99–103
Marin M, Rose KM, Kozak SL, Kabat D (2003) HIV-1 Vif protein binds the editing enzyme APOBEC3G and induces its degradation. Nat Med 9:1398–1403
Naruse TK, Sakurai D, Ohtani H, Sharma G, Sharma SK, Vajpayee M, Mehra NK, Kaur G, Kimura A (2016) APOBEC3H polymorphisms and susceptibility to HIV-1 infection in an Indian population. J Hum Genet 61:263–265
Punyacharoensin N, Edmunds WJ, De Angelis D, Delpech V, Hart G, Elford J, Brown A, Gill N, White RG (2015) Modelling the HIV epidemic among MSM in the United Kingdom: quantifying the contributions to HIV transmission to better inform prevention initiatives. Aids 29:339–349
Rathore A, Chatterjee A, Yamamoto N, Dhole TN (2008) Absence of H186R polymorphism in exon 4 of the APOBEC3G gene among North Indian individuals. Genet Test 12:453–456
Reddy K, Winkler CA, Werner L, Mlisana K, Abdool Karim SS, Ndung’u T, Team CAIS (2010) APOBEC3G expression is dysregulated in primary HIV-1 infection and polymorphic variants influence CD4+ T-cell counts and plasma viral load. Aids 24:195–204
Schrofelbauer B, Chen D, Landau NR (2004) A single amino acid of APOBEC3G controls its species-specific interaction with virion infectivity factor (Vif). Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101:3927–3932
Shao B, Li WJ, Liu T, Li QH, Li H, Chang ML, Huang CQ, Wang FX, Wang BY (2013) Subtype B was the dominant strain among HIV type 1 infections except for the population of men who have sex with men in Harbin City, China. AIDS Res Hum Retrovir 29:1260–1264
Sheehy AM, Gaddis NC, Choi JD, Malim MH (2002) Isolation of a human gene that inhibits HIV-1 infection and is suppressed by the viral Vif protein. Nature 418:646–650
Sheehy AM, Gaddis NC, Malim MH (2003) The antiretroviral enzyme APOBEC3G is degraded by the proteasome in response to HIV-1 Vif. Nat Med 9:1404–1407
Singh KK, Wang Y, Gray KP, Farhad M, Brummel S, Fenton T, Trout R, Spector SA (2013) Genetic variants in the host restriction factor APOBEC3G are associated with HIV-1-related disease progression and central nervous system impairment in children. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 62:197–203
Slatkin M (1987) Gene flow and the geographic structure of natural populations. Science 236:787–792
Stopak K, de Noronha C, Yonemoto W, Greene WC (2003) HIV-1 Vif blocks the antiviral activity of APOBEC3G by impairing both its translation and intracellular stability. Mol Cell 12:591–601
Su Y, Liu H, Wu J, Zhu L, Wang N (2014) Distribution of HIV-1 genotypes in China: a systematic review. Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi = Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi 35:1164–1168
Valcke HS, Bernard NF, Bruneau J, Alary M, Tsoukas CM, Roger M (2006) APOBEC3G genetic variants and their association with risk of HIV infection in highly exposed Caucasians. Aids 20:1984–1986
Xu H, Svarovskaia ES, Barr R, Zhang Y, Khan MA, Strebel K, Pathak VK (2004) A single amino acid substitution in human APOBEC3G antiretroviral enzyme confers resistance to HIV-1 virion infectivity factor-induced depletion. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101:5652–5657
Yang B, Chen K, Zhang C, Huang S, Zhang H (2007) Virion-associated uracil DNA glycosylase-2 and apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease are involved in the degradation of APOBEC3G-edited nascent HIV-1 DNA. J Biol Chem 282:11667–11675
Yu X, Yu Y, Liu B, Luo K, Kong W, Mao P, Yu XF (2003) Induction of APOBEC3G ubiquitination and degradation by an HIV-1 Vif-Cul5-SCF complex. Science 302:1056–1060
Zhang H, Yang B, Pomerantz RJ, Zhang C, Arunachalam SC, Gao L (2003) The cytidine deaminase CEM15 induces hypermutation in newly synthesized HIV-1 DNA. Nature 424:94–98
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Funding
This work was supported by Grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81102278), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (20100481019), the Postdoctoral Science Special Foundation of Heilongjiang Province, China (LBH-TZ1208), the Postdoctoral Science Research Foundation of Heilongjiang Province, China (LBH-Q13128), and Wu lien-teh Youth Science Foundation of Harbin Medical University (WLD-QN1405). In addition, we thank Professor Ping Wang for her edition of the manuscript.
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest associated with this manuscript.
Ethical approval
All procedures performed in study involving human participants were approved by the review board of Harbin Medical University. Written informed consent was obtained from participants.
Additional information
Q. Li and Y. Qiao contributed equally to this work.
Electronic supplementary material
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Li, Q., Qiao, Y., Zhang, G. et al. Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms of APOBEC3G with susceptibility to HIV-1 infection and disease progression among men engaging in homosexual activity in northern China. Arch Virol 162, 259–268 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-016-3080-8
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-016-3080-8