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Dynamic of reserve compounds of mesocarp and seeds of macaw palm (Acrocomia aculeata) submitted to different storage conditions

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Storage changed carbohydrate and protein levels, which can be related to embryo viability. The fatty acid profile was constant, and the embryo composition was similar to the mesocarp, not the endosperm.

Abstract

Macaw palm fruits have a diverse biochemical constitution, and there is significant commercial interest in this species among food, pharmaceutical, cosmetics, and bioenergy industries. We evaluated changes in the reserve compounds of macaw palm mesocarp and seeds from fruits stored for 1 year under three different conditions. Protein and carbohydrate levels were highest in the embryo than in the endosperm. Fatty acid profiles were very similar over time under all storage conditions and in each structure evaluated, with the embryo composition being very similar to the mesocarp. Macaw palm oil remained well preserved under all storage conditions tested, but seed reserves and seed viability are best maintained at room temperatures. The endosperm contained higher levels of saturated fatty acids than either the embryo or mesocarp, making seeds more resistant to oxidative deterioration than the mesocarp. The results showed that the composition of the mesocarp oil promises the production of high-quality biodiesel from this structure, and changes in carbohydrate and protein levels show that laboratory conditions are the most efficient for maintaining seed quality during storage.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Dr. Vanny Ferraz for providing infrastructure and Ana Paula Teles and Douglas Almeida for assistance on CG analyses. Support for this research was received through CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, process 560812/2010-8) and FAPEMIG (Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais, process PPM 00500-11). L.C.B. received a Sandwich fellowship from CNPq and a fellowship from CAPES (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior). A.L.L.M. received a fellowship from FAPEMIG. J.A.T. and Q.S.G. received research productivity scholarships from CNPq.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Botânica, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, CEP 31270-901, Brazil

    Leilane C. Barreto, Ana Laura L. Magalhães & Queila S. Garcia

  2. Departamento de Química, ICEx, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil

    Jacqueline A. Takahashi

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  1. Leilane C. Barreto
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  2. Ana Laura L. Magalhães
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  3. Jacqueline A. Takahashi
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  4. Queila S. Garcia
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Correspondence to Queila S. Garcia.

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Communicated by J. Lin.

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468_2016_1423_MOESM1_ESM.tif

Figure 1 Chromatographic profiles of fatty acid methyl esters from mesocarp (A), endosperm (B) and embryo (C) of Acrocomia aculeata before storage (time 0) (TIFF 149 kb)

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Barreto, L.C., Magalhães, A.L.L., Takahashi, J.A. et al. Dynamic of reserve compounds of mesocarp and seeds of macaw palm (Acrocomia aculeata) submitted to different storage conditions. Trees 30, 1945–1952 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-016-1423-4

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