Abstract
The Klyuchevskoy group of volcanoes in the Kamchatka arc erupts compositionally diverse magmas (high-Mg basalts to dacites) over small spatial scales. New high-precision Pb isotope data from modern juvenile (1956–present) erupted products and hosted enclaves and xenoliths from Bezymianny volcano reveal that Bezymianny and Klyuchevskoy volcanoes, separated by only 9 km, undergo varying degrees of crustal processing through independent crustal columns. Lead isotope compositions of Klyuchevskoy basalts–basaltic andesites are more radiogenic than Bezymianny andesites (208Pb/204Pb = 37.850–37.903, 207Pb/204Pb = 15.468–15.480, and 206Pb/204Pb = 18.249–18.278 at Bezymianny; 208Pb/204Pb = 37.907–37.949, 207Pb/204Pb = 15.478–15.487, and 206Pb/204Pb = 18.289–18.305 at Klyuchevskoy). A mid-crustal xenolith with a crystallization pressure of 5.2 ± 0.6 kbars inferred from two-pyroxene geobarometry and basaltic andesite enclaves from Bezymianny record less radiogenic Pb isotope compositions than their host magmas. Hence, assimilation of such lithologies in the middle or lower crust can explain the Pb isotope data in Bezymianny andesites, although a component of magma mixing with less radiogenic mafic recharge magmas and possible mantle heterogeneity cannot be excluded. Lead isotope compositions for the Klyuchevskoy Group are less radiogenic than other arc segments (Karymsky—Eastern Volcanic Zone; Shiveluch—Northern Central Kamchatka Depression), which indicate increased lower-crustal assimilation beneath the Klyuchevskoy Group. Decadal timescale Pb isotope variations at Klyuchevskoy demonstrate rapid changes in the magnitude of assimilation at a volcanic center. Lead isotope data coupled with trace element data reflect the influence of crustal processes on magma compositions even in thin mafic volcanic arcs.
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Acknowledgments
This project was supported by the National Science Foundation (PIRE-Kamchatka grant OISE-0530278 to Izbekov and a Graduate Research Fellowship to T.M. Kayzar), as well as awards given by the University of Washington Department of Earth and Space Sciences. We owe many thanks to our Russian collaborators at The Institute of Volcanology and Seismology in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Russia, for their field guidance and support: specifically Evgeny Gordeev, Sergey Ushakov, Marina Belousova, Alexander Belousov, Sergey Serovetnikov and Slava Pilipenko. Discussions with Maxim Portnyagin as well as members of the UAF PIRE-Kamchatka research team (Taryn Lopez, Ronni Grapenthin, Steven J. Turner, Vasily Shcherbakov, Jill Shipman, Weston Thelen and others) significantly improved this manuscript. T.M.K. thanks Taryn Lopez for her field support from 2007 to 2009.
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Kayzar, T.M., Nelson, B.K., Bachmann, O. et al. Deciphering petrogenic processes using Pb isotope ratios from time-series samples at Bezymianny and Klyuchevskoy volcanoes, Central Kamchatka Depression. Contrib Mineral Petrol 168, 1067 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-014-1067-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-014-1067-6