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Movements of adult female Weddell seals during the winter months

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Abstract

The focus of this study was the distribution of adult female Weddell seals during winter at the Vestfold Hills. Satellite tracking of Weddell seals had never been done before at this location. Hence, this was a pilot study to evaluate the following methods. We attached satellite transmitters to the lower back, where there was least potential to change the seals’ behaviour or to damage instruments on the ice. Location data were obtained only where the seals hauled out, not necessarily where they were feeding. All locations were within the area of fast-ice that was associated with the Vestfold Hills. There were gaps of up to 30 days in the location data sets. Each instrument (n=3) remained attached and functioning for ca. 6 months. During that time, two of the three seals hauled out within small areas adjacent to, or nearby, open water. The same seals hauled out sporadically. We inferred that these seals foraged offshore whilst returning to fast-ice to rest. If Weddell seals forage beneath dynamic ice but return to stable ice as their preferred resting substrate, then evidence of haulout sites will always be a biased measure of foraging range. Tracking seals in the water may be possible using alternative placement of transmitters. However, there is potential for instruments to interfere with movement (breathing and prey capture). For this reason, we recommend a combination of sensors, diet and tracking haulout sites to research winter foraging.

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Acknowledgements

The fieldwork was carried out under the terms of the Antarctic Treaty Permit System and supported by the Australian Antarctic Scientific Advisory Committee (ASAC). Many Antarctic expeditioners generously provided assistance in the field, particularly C. Avenell. We are also grateful to J. van den Hoff and J. Morrissey for their technical support and to Dr. G. Jackson, Dr. M. Hindell, Dr. C. Ericksson, Dr. N. Gales, Dr. M. Bester, Dr. J. Terhune and the anonymous referees who provided useful comments on earlier versions of the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute Antarctic & Southern Ocean Studies, University of Tasmania, POB 252-77, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia

    Sam Lake

  2. Antarctic Wildlife Research Unit, School of Zoology, University of Tasmania, POB 252-05, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia

    Sam Lake

  3. Australian Antarctic Division, Channel Highway, Kingston, TAS, 7005, Australia

    Harry Burton

  4. Department of Maths and Physics, University of Tasmania, POB 252-80, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia

    Simon Wotherspoon

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Correspondence to Sam Lake.

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Lake, S., Burton, H. & Wotherspoon, S. Movements of adult female Weddell seals during the winter months. Polar Biol 29, 270–279 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-005-0050-0

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