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Differenzialdiagnostik der Talgdrüsentumoren

Differential diagnostics of sebaceous tumors

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Zusammenfassung

Talgdrüsentumoren sind epitheliale Hauttumoren, die in ihrer Differenzierung die Epithelien der ausgereiften Talgdrüse, des Talgdrüsenausführungsgangs sowie der unreifen, embryonalen oder der nichthormonstimulierten Talgdrüsen (Mantelstrukturen) imitieren. Dieser Beitrag erklärt die Klassifikation der Talgdrüsentumoren, basierend auf der normalen Histologie der Talgdrüse. Mit klinischen und histologischen Kriterien werden die wichtigsten Talgdrüsentumoren erörtert, wobei insbesondere die Differenzialdiagnostik von Sebazeom, Talgdrüsenadenom und verschiedenen Formen des Talgdrüsenkarzinoms diskutiert wird. Die Bedeutung der präzisen Diagnostik von Adnextumoren wird anhand tumorassoziierter Syndrome mit Beteiligung anderer Organe (z. B. Muir-Torre-Syndrom, Birt-Hogg-Dubé-Syndrom) verdeutlicht. Darüber hinaus werden konzeptionelle Kontroversen, differenzialdiagnostische Schwierigkeiten und der Stellenwert immunhistochemischer Färbungen bei der Beurteilung von Talgdrüsentumoren erörtert.

Abstract

Sebaceous tumors are epithelial tumors with a differentiation towards sebaceous adnexal structures of the skin. They imitate the epithelial cells of mature sebaceous glands, sebaceous ducts, immature (embryonic) sebaceous structures or sebaceous glands that are not stimulated by hormones (mantle structures). This article explains the classification of sebaceous tumors on the basis of the normal histology of sebaceous glands. Clinical and histopathological criteria are given for the most important sebaceous tumors. The differential diagnosis of sebaceoma, sebaceous adenoma and various types of sebaceous carcinoma is emphasized. The importance of a specific diagnosis of adnexal tumors is demonstrated by tumor-associated syndromes with involvement of other organs (e.g., Muir-Torre syndrome and Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome). Furthermore, conceptional controversies, problems in differential diagnosis and the impact of immunohistochemical staining in the assessment of sebaceous tumors are considered.

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Einhaltung ethischer Richtlinien

Interessenkonflikt. A. Böer-Auer gibt an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht. Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

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  1. Dermatologikum Hamburg, Stephansplatz 5, 20354, Hamburg, Deutschland

    A. Böer-Auer

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Böer-Auer, A. Differenzialdiagnostik der Talgdrüsentumoren. Pathologe 35, 443–455 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00292-014-1934-y

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