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Wege zur personalisierten Medizin beim Magenkarzinom

Ways to personalized medicine for gastric cancer

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Zusammenfassung

Das Magenkarzinom ist weltweit der vierthäufigste Tumor und die zweithäufigste krebsverursachte Todesursache bei Männern und Frauen. Fast 70 % der Patienten weisen zum Zeitpunkt der Diagnose bereits Lymphknotenmetastasen auf, was sich in einem medianen Überleben von nur 16,7 Monaten widerspiegelt. Die vollständige Resektion des Karzinoms mit D2-Lymphadenektomie ist bislang das einzige therapeutische Verfahren mit Chance auf Heilung im frühen Tumorstadium. Für die häufigeren fortgeschrittenen Tumorstadien stehen neben der chirurgischen Resektion verschiedene Chemotherapieverfahren zur Verfügung, die das Überleben verbessern können, aber selten zur Heilung führen. Die Suche nach neuen prädiktiven und diagnostischen Zielstrukturen ist damit unverändert von großer klinischer Relevanz. Unsere eigenen Studien identifizierten eine Reihe von für die Tumorbiologie des Magenkarzinoms wichtigen G-Protein-gekoppelten Rezeptoren (AT1R, AT2R, CXCR4, FZD7, LGR4, LGR5, LGR6). Einige dieser Rezeptoren kommen außerdem als Stammzellmarker des Magens in Betracht.

Abstract

Gastric cancer is the fourth most common tumor and the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths in the world. Approximately 70 % of the patients already have lymph node metastases at the time of the diagnosis leading to a median overall survival time of 16.7 months. Complete resection of the primary tumor with D2 lymphadenectomy offers the only chance of cure in the early stages of the disease. Survival of more locally advanced gastric cancer was improved by the introduction of perioperative, adjuvant and palliative chemotherapy of gastric cancer; however, the identification of novel predictive and diagnostic targets is urgently needed. Our own studies on gastric cancer biology identified several putative tumor biologically relevant G-protein-coupled receptors (e.g. AT1R, AT2R, CXCR4, FZD7, LGR4, LGR5, LGR6). Some of these receptors are also putative stem cell markers and may serve as future targets of an individualized therapy of gastric cancer.

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Danksagung

Die Studien zum Magenkarzinom werden von der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft unterstützt (Ro 1173/11 und Ro1173/12).

Einhaltung der ethischen Richtlinien

Interessenkonflikt. C. Röcken gibt an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht. Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

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  1. Institut für Pathologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3/14, 24105, Kiel, Deutschland

    C. Röcken

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Röcken, C. Wege zur personalisierten Medizin beim Magenkarzinom. Pathologe 34, 403–412 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00292-013-1785-y

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