Abstract
Objectives
According to a recent national survey, tobacco use is a critical public health issue in China, with more than two-thirds of Chinese males smoking. Findings in Western populations suggest that smoking may cluster with other health-risk behaviors. To explore these relationships in Chinese male adults, we utilized baseline data from the China Seven Cities Study (CSCS).
Methods
Male adults (n = 12,122) were included. Smoking status was defined as never smokers, ex-smokers, current smokers, and current heavy smokers. Logistic regression was employed to investigate the association of cigarette smoking and patterns of food consumption, physical activity, and alcohol drinking.
Results
After controlling for age, socioeconomic status, and city residence, heavy smokers consumed significantly less vegetables, fruits, milk and other dairy products, spent significantly more time watching television, slept and exercised less, and got drunk or engaged in binge drinking more frequently compared to never, ex-, or current smokers (p < 0.05).
Conclusions
Findings suggest significant associations of heavy cigarette smoking with other health-risk behaviors in Chinese male adults, underscoring the need for tobacco control interventions for Chinese males.
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Acknowledgments
This research was supported by the University of Southern California Transdisciplinary Tobacco Use Research Center (TTURC), funded by the National Institutes of Health (Grant #1 P50 CA84735-01), and the Sidney R. Garfield Endowment. Manuscript preparation was partially supported by the Grant (1 R03 CA172985-01). The authors thank the China Seven Cities Study (CSCS) directors and project staff at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in the cities of Chengdu, Hangzhou, Harbin, Qingdao, Shenyang, and Wuhan and the Institute for Health Education in Kunming, People’s Republic of China, for assistance with project coordination and data collection. We also thank the principals, physicians, and teachers in the participating schools for their cooperation. Finally, we express our gratitude to the national Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Peking University School of Public Health, and the municipal government, Health Bureau, and Education Committee in each participating city for their support. The study protocol was approved by the IRB at University of Southern California/Claremont Graduate University, and informed consent was obtained from participants.
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S. Masood and B. Xie contributed equally to this manuscript.
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Masood, S., Cappelli, C., Li, Y. et al. Cigarette smoking is associated with unhealthy patterns of food consumption, physical activity, sleep impairment, and alcohol drinking in Chinese male adults. Int J Public Health 60, 891–899 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-015-0730-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-015-0730-7