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Nodular goiter—Is thyroxine medication of any value?

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Abstract

In a cohort of 197 patients operated on for non-toxic nodular goiter, 71 patients had been given preoperative thyroxine. In 31%, the medication afforded some symptomatic relief, but did not reduce the goiter enough to abolish the need for surgery. Postoperatively, 17 of the 197 patients developed supranormal TSH levels and were placed on thyroxine. In addition, 151 patients were placed on thyroxine “prophylaxis,” 121 of whom remained on this medication for the entire follow-up period. Thirty patients discontinued medication at various times during the follow-up period and 29 subjects received no medication at all. During a 5-year follow-up period, goiter recurred in 11 of the 197 patients, 8 of whom had been on continuous thyroxine medication.

In the second part of this report, results of TRH tests and hormone measurements in a group of 56 consecutive patients with nodular goiter are examined. A “flat” pathological TSH response to TRH was found in 43%. This group of patients exhibited significantly higher thyroid hormone levels and a significantly higher mean age than the group with normal TRH tests.

The results suggest that, apart from being a necessary substitute in postoperative hypothyroidism, the use of thyroxine medication in nodular goiter could be restricted.

Résumé

Sur une série comportant 197 malades qui furent opérés pour un goitre nodulaire 71 ont reçu de la thyroxine avant l'intervention. Chez 31% des malades ainsi traités l'évolution fut marquée par une diminution de leurs troubles sans entrainer une diminution significative du volume de leur goitre.

En post opératoire 17 opérés qui accusèrent une élévation anormale du taux de la T.S.H. reçurent de la thyroxine par nécessité, 151 à titre prophylactique. Trente patients discontinuaient la médication à divers temps pendant la periode suivante. Vingtneuf échappèrent à ce traitement. 11 des 197 opérés ont vu leur goitre récidiver au cours de la période de 5 ans qui a suivi l'intervention et 80 d'entre eux avaient été traités par la thyroxine continument.

Dans la seconde partie de cet article sont rapportés les résultats des tests á la T.R.H. et des titrages hormonaux. Chez 56 de ces malades une réponse “plate anormale” de la TSH au test de la TRH a été constatée pour 43% d'entre eux. Ce groupe comprenait des malades dont le taux d'hormone thyroidienne était significativement plus élevé et dont l'âge etait plus avancè que celui des malades qui prèsentaient un teste normal à la T.R.H.

L'ensemble de ces resultats suggère qu'il n'est pas nècessaire d'avoir recours à la thyroxine en tant que mèdication postopèratoire chez les malades qui ont subi I'exèrèse d'un goitre nodulaire à moins qu'ils ne prèsentent des signes patents d'hypothyroiisme.

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Presented before the International Association of Endocrine Surgeons, Montreux, Switzerland, September, 1981.

Supported by the Swedish Medical Research Council (Project No, 4996).

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Persson, C.P.A., Johansson, H., Westermark, K. et al. Nodular goiter—Is thyroxine medication of any value?. World J. Surg. 6, 391–396 (1982). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01657664

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