Abstract
This article is concerned with weldability of P23 pipe steel, with emphasis on reheat cracking sensitivity and toughness of simulated HAZs and thick-section multipass welds. The results demonstrate that the weld metal made using the B323 filler metal closely matching to P23 steel is far more critical than the parent steel HAZ. In the as-welded condition, the B323 weld metal exhibited excessive hardness of ≈ 380 HV and only diminutive Charpy toughness of ≈ 7 J at + 20 °C. Adoption of PWHT (760 °C /2 h) enhanced the weldment toughness; however, it also inevitably raises risk to reheat cracking in the weld metal that showed reduction of area (RA) no more than 2–3% in the BWI cracking test. The results show that thick-section multipass welds made using filler metal with the chemical composition closer to P24 grade material are less susceptible to reheat cracking than matching P23 grade welds.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bauné E., Leduey B., Bonnet C., Bertoni A.: Development of welding consumables dedicated to the welding of new generation 21/4Cr-1Mo pipe materials P23 and P24 for power generation and hydrogen service. Proc. Conf. “European Symposium on Pressure Equipment (ESOPE 2004)”, Palais des Congrès, Paris, 28–30 September 2004, France: Association Francaise des Ingenieurs en Appareils a Pression (A.F.I.A.P.).
Auerkari P., Salonen J., Nevasmaa P.: VTT Research Report No TUO74–055258, Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo 2005.
ASTM designation A213/A213M — 03c: Standard specification for seamless ferritic alloy-steel boiler, superheater and heat exchanger tubes, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA.
VdTÜV-Werkstoffblatt 533. 12.2003: Warmfester Stahl 7CrMoVTiB 10–10, Werkstoff-Nr. 1.7378, Verband der Technischen Überwachungs-Vereine e.V., TÜV-Verlag, Germany.
Caminada S., Nevasmaa P., Holmström S., Di Gianfrancsco A., Pillot S., Rodrigues M.M., Allen D., Siegele D.: Development of weldments of Grade 23 steel for new generation power plants, Proc.Conf. “11th International Conference on Creep and Fracture of Engineering Materials and Structures (Creep 2008)”, Bayreuth, 4–9 May 2008, Germany (accepted for publication).
Nevasmaa P., Salonen J., Holmström S., Caminada S.: VTT Research Report No VTT-R-02973–07. VTT, Espoo 2007.
Nawrocki J.G., DuPont J.N., Robino C.V., Marder A.R.: Welding Journal, 2001, 80, Welding Research Supplement, pp. 18-s-24-s.
Dhooge A., Vekeman J.: New generation 2 1/4 Cr steels T/P 23 and T/P 24 weldability and high temperature properties, Doc. IIW-1693-05 (ex. Doc. XI-810–04), Welding in the World, 2005, vol. 49, No. 9/10, pp. 75–93.
Brózda J.B: Welding International, 2004, 18, 10. pp. 761–770.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Nevasmaa, P., Salonen, J. Reheat Cracking Susceptibility and Toughness of 2% CrMoWVNb P23 Steel Welds. Weld World 52, 68–78 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03266633
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03266633