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Atmospheric ice nuclei

  • Original Papers
  • Ice Forming Nuclei and Ice Crystals
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Résumé

L'auteur examine les connaissances actuelles des noyaux glaçogènes naturels et décrit brièvement les méthodes utilisées pour mesurer des concentrations à des températures variables, les résultats obtenus et la répartition géographique des noyaux glaçogènes. La majorité de ces noyaux, paraît-il, est composée de particules solides insolubles, d'un diamètre inférieur à 2 microns. Il discute sous des rubriques diverses leur comportement, tel qu'il a été décélé par des expériences en laboratoires: a) congélation contre sublimation, b) retard de nucléation, c) les résultats des congélations, répétées 4) préactivation et désactivation, 5) les résultats de leur immersion dans l'eau et les résultats de l'addition de substances solubles.

L'auteur décrit les méthodes variées dont on se sert pour résoudre le problème de la composition des noyaux glaçogènes naturels et arrive à la conclusion que les noyaux plus actifs répandus à l'échelle mondiale sont des poussières du sol aussi bien que des particules d'origine extra-terrestre. Les mesures de la répartition verticale des noyaux de glace et la variation, récemment découverte, de la concentration des noyaux glaçogènes au cours de la phase lunaire sont favorable à la thèse de leur origine extra-terrestre.

L'auteur souligne la pauvreté de nos connaissances en ce qui concerne le processus de congélation des nuages naturels.

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  1. Div. of Radiophysics, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Sydney, Australia

    Stanley C. Mossop

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Mossop, S.C. Atmospheric ice nuclei. Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics (ZAMP) 14, 456–486 (1963). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01601253

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