Abstract
A new type of passive sampler for the determination of NH3 emission from land surfaces and manure storages was tested in a micrometereological mass balance method. The sampler consists of 2 glass tubes, each with a length of 10 cm and an internal diameter of 0.7 cm. The two glass tubes are connected in series, with one end fitted with a thin stainless steel disc having a 1 mm hole in the center. The inner surface of each glass tube is coated with oxalic acid. The results show that the passive flux sampler can be used to give accurate determinations of NH3 emission. The passive flux sampler makes gas washing bottles, pumps, flow meters, anemometers, and electricity unnecessary and ammonia loss can be determined easily and cheaply without the requirement of a large labor force.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ahlberg, K.: 1985, AGA Gas Handbook, AGA AB, Lindingö, Sweden. ISBN 91-970061-1-4
Asman, W. A. H. and Janssen, A. J.: 1987, Atmos. Environ. 21, 2099.
Beauchamp, E. G., Kidd, G. E., and Thurtell, G.: 1982, Can. J. Soil Sci. 62, 11.
Black, A. S., Sherlock, R. R., Cameron, K. C, Smith, N. P., and Goh, K. M: 1985, J. Soil Sci. 36, 271.
Brunke, P., Alvo, P., Schuepp, R, and Gordon, R.: 1988, J. Environ. Qual. 17, 431.
Denmead, O. T.: 1983, ‘Micrometeorological Methods for Measuring Gaseous Losses of Nitrogen in the Field’, in: J. R. Freney and J. R. Simpson (eds.), Gaseous Loss of Nitrogen from Plant-Soil Systems, Martinus Nijhoff/Dr. W. Junk Publishers, The Hague, pp. 133–157.
Duyzer, J. H., Bouman, A. M. M., Aalst, R. M. van, and Diederen, H. S. M. A.: 1987, ‘Assessment of Dry Deposition Fluxes of NH3 and NH4 + over Natural Terrains’, in: W. A. H. Asman and S. M. A. Diederen (eds.), Ammonia and Acidification, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Hygiene, Bilthoven, The Netherlands, pp. 97–106.
Ferguson, R. B., Mclnnes, K. J., Kissel, D. E. and Kanemasu, E. T.: 1988, Fert. Res. 15, 55.
Ferm, M.: 1983, ‘Ammonia Volatilization from Arable Land — an Evaluation of the Chamber Technique’, Observation and Measurement of Atmospheric Contaminants, WMO Special Environmental Report 16, pp. 145–172.
Ferm, M.: 1986, ‘Concentration Measurements and Equilibrium Studies of Ammonium. Nitrate and Sulphur Species in Air and Precipitation’, Ph.D. Thesis, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Chalmers Tekniska Högskola, Gothenburg, Sweden, p. 77.
Hinds, A. A. and Lowe, L. E.: 1980, Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 11, 469.
Jones, K.: 1973, The Chemistry of Nitrogen, Pergamon Press, Oxford, England, p. 388.
Leuning, R., Freney, J. R. Denmead, O. T., and Simpson, J. R.: 1985, Atmos. Environ. 19, 117.
McInnes, K. J., Kissel, D. E., and Kanemasu, E. T.: 1985, Agron. J. 77, 884.
Ryden, J. C. and McNeill, J. E.: 1984, J. Sci. Food Agric. 35, 1297.
Schulze, E.-D., Vries, W. de, Hauhs, M., Rosén, K., Rasmussen, L., Tamm, C.-O., and Nilsson, J.: 1989, Water, Air, and Soil Pollut. 48, 451.
Sherlock, R. R., Freney, J. R., Smith, N. P., and Cameron, K. C: 1989, Fert. Res. 21, 61.
Sommer, S. G. and Olesen, J. E.: 1991, J. Environ. Qual. 20, 679.
Svensson, G. and AnfÄlt, T.: 1982, Clin. Chim. Act. 119, 7.
Thompson, R. B., Ryden, J. C, and Lockyer, D. R.: 1987, J. Soil Sci. 38, 689.
Vallis, I., Harper, L. A., Catchpoole, V. R., and Weier, K. L.: 1982, Aust. J. Agric. Res. 33, 97.
Vlek, P. L. G. and Stumpe, J. M.: 1978, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 42, 416.
Wilson, J. D., Catchpoole, V. R., Denmead, O. T., and Thurtell, G. W.: 1983, Agric. Met. 29, 183.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Schjoerring, J.K., Sommer, S.G. & Ferm, M. A simple passive sampler for measuring ammonia emission in the field. Water Air Soil Pollut 62, 13–24 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00478450
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00478450