Abstract
A study was made of a group of moderately halophilic, heterotrophic, pigmented strains isolated from Organic Lake, Antarctica. These strains were Gram-negative, non-motile, had an aerobic metabolism and a mol% G+C content of their DNA in the range 35–41, indicating that they may be members of the Flavobacterium-Cytophaga group. A numerical taxonomic study involving 134 characteristics compared the antarctic strains with reference strains from Flavobacterium, Cytophaga and Flectobacillus. The antarctic strains formed two clusters that did not contain any reference strains suggesting that they may represent two new species of the genus Flavobacterium.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Anacker RL, Ordal EJ (1959) Studies on the myxobacterium Chondrococcus columnari. I. Serological typing. J Bacteriol 78:25–32
Colwell RR, Citarella RV, Chen PK (1966) DNA base composition of Cytophaga marinoflava n. sp. determined by buoyant density measurements in cesium chloride. Can J Microbiol 12:1099–1103
Franzmann PD, Burton HR, McMeekin TA (1987a) Halomonas subglaciescola, a new species of halotolerant bacteria isolated from Antarctica. Int J Syst Bacteriol 37:27–34
Franzmann PD, Cameron DE, McMeekin TA, Burton HR (1987b) The Australian Collection of Antarctic Microorganisms: a catalogue of strains, 1987. ANARE Report No 24. Department of Science, Canberra, Australia
Franzmann PD, Deprez PP, Burton HR, van denHoff J (1987c) Limnology of Organic Lake, Antarctica, a meromictic lake that contains high concentrations of dimethyl sulphide. Aust J Mar Freshw Res 38:409–417
Franzmann PD, Skerman VBD (1981) Agitococcus lubricus gen. nov., sp. nov., a twitching coccus from fresh water. Int J Syst Bacteriol 31:177–188
Hayes PR (1963) Studies on marine flavobacteria. J Gen Microbiol 30:1–19
Hayward AC, Sly LI (1984) Characterisation of a dextranolytic biotype of Flavobacterium multivorum from soil. J Appl Bacteriol 57:505–516
Hebert AM, Vreeland RH (1987) Phenotypic comparison of halotolerant bacteria: Halomonas halodurans sp. nov. rev. comb. nov. Int J Syst Bacteriol 37:347–350
Holmes B, Hollis DG, Steigerwalt AG, Pickett MJ, Brenner DJ (1983) Flavobacterium thalpophilum, a new species recovered from human clinical material. Int J Syst Bacteriol 33:667–682
Holmes B, Owen RJ, McMeekin TA (1984a) Flavobacterium. In: Krieg NR, Holt JG (eds) Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology, vol 1 Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, pp 353–361
Holmes B, Owen RJ, Steigerwalt AG, Brenner DJ (1984b) Flavobacterium gleum, a new species found in human clinical specimens. Int J Syst Bacteriol 34:21–25
Holmes B, Weaver RE, Steigerwalt AG, Brenner DJ (1988) A taxonomic study of Flavobacterium spiritovorum and Sphingobacterium mizutae: proposal of Flavobacterium yabuuchiae sp.nov. and Flavobacterium mizutaii comb. nov. Int J Syst Bacteriol 38:348–353
James SR, Dobson SJ, Franzmann PD, McMeekin TA (1990) Halomonas meridiana, a new species of extremely halotolerant bacteria isolated from antarctic saline lakes. Syst Appl Microbiol 13:270–278
Jeffries CD, Holtman DF, Guse DG (1957) Rapid method for determining the activity of microorganisms on nucleic acids. J Bacteriol 73:590–591
Lance GN, Williams WT (1967) Mixed data classificatory programs. 1. Agglomerative systems Aust Comp J 1:15–20
McGuire AJ, Franzmann PD, McMeekin TA (1987) Flectobacillus glomeratus sp. nov., a curved non-motile pigmented bacterium isolated from antarctic marine environments. Syst Appl Microbiol 9:265–272
McMeekin TA, Franzmann PD (1988) Effect of temperature on the growth rates of halotolerant and halophilic bacteria isolated from antarctic saline lakes. Polar Biol 8:281–285
McMeekin TA, Olley J, Ratkowsky DA (1988) Temperature effects on bacterial growth rates. In: Bazin MJ, Prosser JI (eds) Physiological models in microbiology. CRC Press, Florida, pp 75–89
Marmur M (1961) A procedure for the isolation of deoxyribonucleic acid from microorganisms. J Mol Biol 3:208–218
Merkel JR (1972) Influence of salts on the vibriostatic action of 2,4-diamino-6,7-diisopropyl pteridine. Arch Mikrobiol 81:379–382
Owen RJ, Hill LR (1979) The estimation of base composition, base pairing and genome sizes of bacterial deoxyribonucleic acids. In: Skinner FA, Lovelock DW (eds) Identification methods for microbiologists, 2nd ed. Academic Press, London, pp 277–296
Quesada E, Ventosa A, Rodriguez-Valera F, Megias L, Ramos-Cormenzana A (1983) Numerical taxonomy of moderately halophilic Gram-negative bacteria from hypersaline soils. J Gen Microbiol 129:2649–2657
Quesada E, Valderrama MJ, Bejar V, Ventosa A, Ruiz-Berraquero F, Ramos-Cormenzana A (1987) Numerical taxonomy of moderately halophilic Gram-negative non-motile eubacteria. Syst Appl Microbiol 9:132–137
Ratowsky DA, Lowry RK, McMeekin TA, Stokes AN, Chandler RE (1983) Model for bacterial culture growth throughout the biokinetic temperature range. J Bacteriol 154:1222–1226
Reichenbach H, Kohl W, Achenbach H (1981) The flexirubin-type pigments, chemosystematically useful compounds. In: Reichenbach H, Weeks OB (eds) The Flavobacterium-Cytophaga group. Verlag Chemia, Weinheim, pp 101–108
Reichenbach H, Weeks OB (eds) (1981) The Flavobacterium-Cytophaga group. Verlag Chemie, Weinheim
Rodriguez-Valera F (1988) Characteristics and microbial ecology of hypersaline environments. In: Rodriguez-Valera F (ed) Halophilic bacteria, vol 1. CRC Press, Florida, pp 3–30
Rosenburg A (1983) Pseudomonas halodurans sp. nov. a halotolerant bacterium. Arch Microbiol 136:117–123
Shewan TM, McMeekin TA (1983) Taxonomy (and ecology) of Flavobacterium and related genera. Annu Rev Microbiol 37:233–252
Simudu U, Kogure K, Fukami K, Imada C (1986) Heterotrophic bacterial flora of the Antarctic ocean. Mem Natl Inst Polar Res Special Issue 40:405–412
Skerman VBD (1967) A guide to the identification of the genera of bacteria. 2nd ed. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore
Smibert RM, Krieg NR (1981) General characterisation. In: Gerhardt P, Murray RGE, Costilow RN, Neser EW, Wood WA, Krieg NR, Briggs Phillips G (eds) Manual of methods for general bacteriology. Am Soc Microbiol, Washington, pp 409–443
Sneath PHA, Sokal RR (1973) Numerical taxonomy. WH Freeman and Co, San Francisco
Vreeland RH, Litchfield CD, Martin EL, Elliot E (1980) Halomonas elongata, a new genus and species of extremely salt tolerant bacteria. Int J Syst Bacteriol 30:485–495
Woese CR, Yang D, Mandelco L, Stetter KO (1990) The Flexibacter-Flavobacter connection. Syst Appl Microbiol 13:161–165
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Dobson, S.J., James, S.R., Franzmann, P.D. et al. A numerical taxonomic study of some pigmented bacteria isolated from Organic Lake, an antarctic hypersaline lake. Arch. Microbiol. 156, 56–61 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00418188
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00418188