Skip to main content
Log in

An r-strategist in Antarctic pack ice

  • Original Papers
  • Published:
Oecologia Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

The Antarctic copepod Drescheriella glacialis, an inhabitant of sea ice, is the first polar invertebrate metazoan to have been cultured throughout its life cycle. We describe its demographic characteristics on the basis of a laboratory cohort study and correlative field data. When compared to its closest temperate-zone relatives, D. glacialis shows temperature compensation of developmental and reproductive rates. A genuine r-strategist in every respect, it does not fit established trends for Antarctic invertebrates but appears well adapted to the peculiar spatio-temporal variability of the sea ice habitat.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Arnaud PM (1977) Adaptations within the Antarctic marine benthic ecosystem. In: Llano GA (ed) Adaptations within Antarctic ecosystems. Smithsonian Institution, Washington D.C., pp 135–157

    Google Scholar 

  • Bergmans M (1981) A demographic study of the life cycle of Tisbe furcata (Baird, 1837) (Copepoda: Harpacticoida). J Mar Biol Ass UK 61:691–705

    Google Scholar 

  • Bergmans M (1983) When m-selection? Oecologia 58:256–257

    Google Scholar 

  • Bergmans M (1984a) Critique of some practices in life-history studies, with special reference to harpacticoid copepods. Aust J Mar Freshw Res 35:375–383

    Google Scholar 

  • Bergmans M (1984b) Life history adaptation to demographic regime in laboratory-cultured Tisbe furcata (Copepoda, Harpacticoida). Evolution 38:292–299

    Google Scholar 

  • Bergmans M, Janssens PPM (1988) Competition between the sibling species Tisbe holothuriae and T. battagliai (Harpacticoida). Hydrobiologia 167/168:455–462

    Google Scholar 

  • Bosch I, Beauchamp KA, Steele ME, Pearse JS (1987) Development, metamorphosis, and seasonal abundance of embryos and larvae of the Antarctic sea urchin Sterechinus neumayeri. Biol Bull 173:126–135

    Google Scholar 

  • Clarke A (1979) On living in cold water: K-strategies in Antarctic benthos. Mar Biol 55:111–119

    Google Scholar 

  • Clarke A (1982) Temperature and embryonic development in polar marine invertebrates. Int J Invert Repr 5:71–82

    Google Scholar 

  • Clarke A (1988) Seasonality in the Antarctic marine environment. Comp Biochem Physiol 90B:461–473

    Google Scholar 

  • Clarke DB, Ackley SF (1984) Sea ice structure and biological activity in the Antarctic marginal ice zone. J Geophys Res 89 (C2):2087–2095

    Google Scholar 

  • Dahms H-U (1987) Postembryonic development of Drescheriella glacialis Dahms & Dieckmann (Copepoda, Harpacticoida) reared in the laboratory. Polar Biol 8:81–93

    Google Scholar 

  • Dahms H-U (1989) First record of a lecithotrophic nauplius in Harpacticoida (Crustacea, Copepoda) collected from the Weddell Sea (Antarctica). Polar Biol 10:221–224

    Google Scholar 

  • Dahms H-U, Bergmans M, Schminke HK (1990) Distribution and adaptations of sea ice inhabiting Harpacticoida (Crustacea, Copepoda) of the Weddell Sea (Antarctica). PSZNI Mar Ecol 11:207–226

    Google Scholar 

  • Dahms H-U, Dicckmann GS (1987) Drescheriella glacialis gen. noy., sp. nov. (Copepoda, Harpacticoida) from Antarctic sea ice. Polar Biol 7:329–337

    Google Scholar 

  • Fava G, Volkmann B (1975) Tisbe (Copepoda: Harpacticoida) species from the lagoon of Venice. I. Seasonal fluctuations and ecology. Mar Biol 30:151–165

    Google Scholar 

  • Gee JM, Warwick RM, Schaanning M, Berge JA, Ambrose WG Jr (1985) Effects of organic enrichment on meiofaunal abundance and community structure in sublittoral soft sediments. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 91, 247–262

    Google Scholar 

  • Greenslade PJM (1983) Adversity selection and the habitat templet. Am Nat 122:352–365

    Google Scholar 

  • Grossi SM, Kottmeier ST, Moe RL, Taylor GT, Sullivan CW (1987) Sea ice microbial communities. VI. Growth and primary production in bottom ice under graded snow cover. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 35, 153–164

    Google Scholar 

  • Heip C (1977) On the evolution of reproductive potentials in a brackish water meiobenthic community. Mikrofauna Meeresboden 61:105–112

    Google Scholar 

  • Hicks GRF (1980) Structure of phytal harpacticoid copepod assemblages and the influence of habitat complexity and turbidity. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 44:157–192

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoogendyk CG, Estabrook GF (1984) The consequences of earlier reproduction in declining populations. Math Biosci 71:217–235

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoshiai T (1985) Autumnal proliferation of ice-algae in Antarctic sea-ice. In: Siegfried WR, Condy PR, Laws RM (eds) Antarctic nutrient cycles and food webs. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg, pp 89–92

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoshiai T, Tanimura A (1986) Sea ice meiofauna at Syowa Station; Antarctica. Mem Natl Inst Polar Res Spec Issue 44:118–124

    Google Scholar 

  • Kahan D, Berman Y, Bar-El T (1988) Maternal inhibition of hatching at high population densities in Tigriopus japonicus (Copepoda, Crustacea). Biol Bull 174:139–144

    Google Scholar 

  • King CE, Anderson WW (1971) Age-specific selection. II. The interaction between r and K during population growth. Am Nat 105:137–156

    Google Scholar 

  • Kottmeier ST, Sullivan CW (1987) Late winter primary production and bacterial production in sea ice and seawater west of the Antarctic Peninsula. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 36:287–298

    Google Scholar 

  • Lange MA, Ackley SF, Wadhams P, Dieckmann GS, Eicken H (1989) Development of sea ice in the Weddell Sea. Ann Glaciol 12: 92–96

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee CC, Fenchel T (1972) Studies on ciliates associated with sea ice from Antarctica. II. Temperature responses and tolerances in ciliates from Antarctic, temperate and tropical habitats. Arch Protistenk 114:237–244

    Google Scholar 

  • Lewontin RC (1965) Selection for colonizing ability. In: Baker HG, Stebbins GL (eds) The genetics of colonizing species. Academic Press, New York, pp 77–94

    Google Scholar 

  • Lonsdale DJ, Levinton JS (1985) Latitudinal differentiation in copepod growth: an adaptation to temperature. Ecology 66:1397–1407

    Google Scholar 

  • Lopez GW (1982) Short-term population dynamics of Tisbe cucumariae (Copepoda: Harpacticoida). Mar Biol 68:333–341

    Google Scholar 

  • McLaren IA (1966) Predicting development rate of copepod eggs. Biol Bull 131:457–469

    Google Scholar 

  • McLaren IA, Corkett CJ, Zillioux EJ (1969) Temperature adaptations of copepod eggs from the Arctic to the tropics. Biol Bull 137:486–493

    Google Scholar 

  • Mertz DB (1971) Life history phenomena in increasing and decreasing populations. In: Patil GP, Pielou EC, Waters WE (eds) Statistical Ecology II. Pennsylvania State Univ Press, University Park London, pp 361–399

    Google Scholar 

  • Muus BJ (1967) The fauna of Danish estuaries and lagoons. Meddr Danm Fisk Havunders, NS 5:1–316

    Google Scholar 

  • Palmisano AC, SooHoo JB, Moe RL, Sullivan CW (1987) Sea ice microbial communities. VII. Changes in under-ice spectral irradiance during the development of Antarctic sea ice microalgal communities. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 35:165–173

    Google Scholar 

  • Schwenzer D (1985) Untersuchungen zur Produktionsbiologie von Tisbe holothuriae (Copepoda: Harpacticoidea) bei unterschiedlichen Temperatur-, Salinitäts- und Nahrungsbedingungen. Ph D thesis, Freie Univ Berlin

  • Sciandra A (1986) Study and modelling of the development of Euterpina acutifrons (Copepoda: Harpacticoida). J Plankton Res 8:1149–1162

    Google Scholar 

  • Spindler M, Dieckmann GS (1986) Distribution and abundance of the planktic foraminifer Neogloboquadrina pachyderma in sea ice of the Weddell Sea (Antarctica). Polar Biol 5:185–191

    Google Scholar 

  • Stearns SC (1977) The evolution of life history traits: A critique of the theory and a review of the data. Ann Rev Ecol Syst 8:145–171

    Google Scholar 

  • Walker I (1979) Mechanisms of density-dependent population regulation in the marine copepod Amphiascoides sp. (Harpacticoida). Mar Ecol Prog Ser 1:209–221

    Google Scholar 

  • Zurlini G, Ferrari I, Nassogne A (1978) Reproduction and growth of Euterpina acutifrons (Copepoda: Harpacticoida) under experimental conditions. Mar Biol 46:59–64

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Bergmans, M., Dahms, HU. & Schminke, H.K. An r-strategist in Antarctic pack ice. Oecologia 86, 305–309 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00317594

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00317594

Key words

Navigation