Summary
The structure and distribution of satellite cells of cardiac muscles were examined in twenty-one species of animals chosen from each tribe within the order Decapoda (Arthropoda, Crustacea). The satellite cells were found in all animals observed. Most of them are morphologically identical with those described in different striated muscles of other species, but some cells have unusual features. The decapod satellite cell occasionally lies right over the region corresponding to the intercalated disc between the apposed cardiac muscle cells. The cell sends cytoplasmic processes into the adjacent muscle cells, enabling the plasma membrane to make close contact with the cleft opening of the intercalated disc, and with the myofibril at the level of the Z-line. Another characteristic feature is the presence of “paired” cells. Such cells are clearly separated from each other over most of the contact area by the respective plasma membranes, which are smooth in appearance and devoid of specialized regions. The significance of the presence of satellite cells in decapod cardiac muscle and its possible role are discussed and compared with those described for other species.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Aizu S (1973) Fine structure of the prawn heart muscle. Tohoku J Exp Med 111:101–117
Carlson BM (1973) The regeneration of skeletal muscle — a review. Am J Anat 137:119–150
Church JCT (1969) Satellite cells and myogenesis; a study in the fruit-bat web. J Anat 105:419–438
Church JCT (1970) Cell populations in skeletal muscle after regeneration. J Embryol Exp Morphol 23:531–537
Conen PE, Bell CD (1970) Study of satellite cells in mature and fetal human muscle and rhabdomyosarcoma. In: Mauro A, Shafiq SA, Milhorat AT (eds) Regeneration of striated muscle, and myogenesis. Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam, pp 194–211
De Maruenda EC, Franzini-Armstrong C (1978) Satellite and invasive cells in frog sartorius muscle. Tissue Cell 10:749–772
Enesco M, Puddy D (1964) Increase in the number of nuclei and weight in skeletal muscle of rats of various ages. Am J Anat 114:235–244
Firket H (1967) Ultrastructural aspects of myofibrils formation in cultured skeletal muscle. Z Zellforsch 78:313–327
Flood PL (1971) The three-dimensional structure and frequency of myo-satellite cells in trunk muscle of the axolotl (Siredon mexicanus). J Ultrastruct Res 36:523–524
Hess A, Rosner S (1970) The satellite cell bud and myoblast in denervated mammalian muscle fibers. Am J Anat 129:21–40
Ishikawa H (1966) Electron microscopic observations of satellite cells with special reference to the development of mammalian skeletal muscles. Z Anat Entwickl Gesch 125:43–63
Ishikawa H (1970) Satellite cells in developing muscle and tissue culture. In: Mauro A, Shafiq SA, Milhorat AT (eds) Regeneration of striated muscle, and myogenesis. Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam, pp 167–179
Kahn EB, Simpson SB (1974) Satellite cells in mature, uninjured skeletal muscle of the lizard tail. Dev Biol 37:219–223
Karlsson U, Andersson-Cedergren E, Ottoson D (1966) Cellular organization of the frog muscle spindle as revealed by serial sections for electron microscopy. J Ultrastruct Res 14:1–35
Katz B (1961) The terminations of the afferent nerve fibre in the muscle spindle of the frog. Phil Trans Roy Soc Lond B 243:221–240
Kryvi H (1975) The structure of the myosatellite cells in axial muscles of the shark Galeus melastomus. Anat Embryol 147:35–44
Kryvi H, Eide A (1977) Morphometric and autoradiographic studies on the growth of red and white axial muscle fibres in the shark Etmopterus spinax. Anat Embryol 151:17–28
Laguens R (1963) Satellite cells of skeletal muscle fibers in human progressive muscular dystrophy. Virchows Arch Pathol Anat 336:564–569
MacConnachie HF, Enesco M, Leblond CP (1964) The mode of increase in the number of skeletal muscle nuclei in the postnatal rat. Am J Anat 114:245–253
Mauro A (1961) Satellite cell of skeletal muscle fibers. J Biophys Biochem Cytol 9:493–495
Maynard JA, Cooper RR (1973) Two unusual satellite cell-intrafusal muscle fiber relationships. Z Anat Entwickl Gesch 140:1–9
Midsukami M (1964) Electron microscopic studies of satellite cells in the cardiac muscle of Brachyura. Okajimas Fol Anat Jpn 40:173–185
Midsukami M (1979) Physiological salines. The formulae for animals from Protozoa to Vertebrata. Keigaku Publ Co, Tokyo, pp 95–125
Moss FP (1968) The relationship between the dimensions of the fibres and the number of nuclei during normal growth of skeletal muscle in the domestic fowl. Am J Anat 122:555–564
Moss FP, Leblond CP (1970) Nature of dividing nuclei in skeletal muscle of growing rats. J Cell Biol 44:459–462
Moss FP, Leblond CP (1971) Satellite cells as the source of nuclei in muscles of growing rats. Anat Rec 170:421–436
Muir AR (1970) The structure and distribution of satellite cells. In: Mauro A, Shafiq SA, Milhorat AT (eds) Regeneration of striated muscle, and myogenesis. Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam, pp 91–100
Muir AR, Kanji AHM, Allbrook D (1965) The structure of the satellite cells in skeletal muscle. J Anat 99:435–444
Ontell M (1974) Muscle satellite cells: a validated technique for light microscopic identification and a quantitative study of changes in their population following denervation. Anat Rec 178:211–228
Ontell M (1975) Evidence for myoblastic potential of satellite cells in denervated muscle. Cell Tissue Res 160:345–353
Ontell M (1977) Neonatal muscle: an electron microscopic study. Anat Rec 189:669–690
Przybylski RJ, Blumberg JM (1966) Ultrastructural aspects of myogenesis in the chick. Lab Invest 15:836–863
Reger JF (1966) The fine structure of iridial constrictor pupillae muscle of Alligator mississippiensis. Anat Rec 155:197–216
Reger JF, Craig AS (1968) Studies on the fine structure of muscle fibers and associated satellite cells in hypertrophic human deltoid muscle. Anat Rec 162:483–500
Sandset PM, Korneliussen H (1978) Myosatellite cells associated with different muscle fibre types in the Atlantic hagfish (Myxine glutinosa L). Cell Tissue Res 195:17–27
Schattenberg P-J (1973) Lichtund elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen über die Entstehung der Skelettmuskulatur von Fischen. Z Zellforsch 143:569–586
Schmalbruch H, Hellhammer U (1976) The number of satellite cells in normal human muscle. Anat Rec 185:279–288
Schultz E (1976) Fine structure of satellite cells in growing skeletal muscle. Am J Anat 147:49–70
Shafiq SA (1970) Satellite cells and fiber nuclei in muscle regeneration. In: Mauro A, Shafiq SA, Milhorat AT (eds) Regeneration of striated muscle, and myogenesis. Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam, pp 122–132
Shafiq SA, Gorycki MA, Mauro A (1968) Mitosis during postnatal growth in skeletal and cardiac muscle of the rat. J Anat 103:135–141
Snow MH (1977) The effects of aging on satellite cells in skeletal muscles of mice and rats. Cell Tissue Res 185:399–408
Stenger RJ, Spiro D (1961) The ultrastructure of mammalian cardiac muscle. J Biophys Biochem Cytol 9:325–351
Teräväinen H (1970) Satellite cells of striated muscle after compression injury so slight as not to cause degeneration of the muscle fibres. Z Zellforsch 103:320–327
Trupin GL (1976) The satellite cells of normal anuran skeletal muscle. Dev Biol 50:517–524
Venable JH (1966) Morphology of the cells of normal, testosterone-deprived and testosteronestimulated levator ani muscles. Am J Anat 119:271–302
Wakayama Y (1976) Electron microscopic study on the satellite cell in the muscle of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. J Neurophysiol Exp Neurol 35:532–540
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Midsukami, M. The structure and distribution of satellite cells of cardiac muscles in decapod crustaceans. Cell Tissue Res. 219, 69–83 (1981). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00210019
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00210019