Abstract
Synechococcus PCC 6301 cells grown in the presence of low sublethal levels of (about 2 μ m) mercury induced alterations in chlorophyll (Chl) a absorption without significant alterations in phycocyanin. Chl a fluorescence emission in Hg2+ -raised cells showed a large (about 18 nm) blue shift in the peak emission. No major spectral changes in phycobilisome (PBsome) emission characteristic were noticed, indicating major structural alterations in Chl-protein complexes by incubation with Hg2+ ions. Low temperature (77 K) emission spectra of cells grown in the presence of Hg2+ showed a loss of the characteristic Chl a emission band at 695 nm (F695), which is known to be linked to photosystem II photochemistry and to originate from the Chl a of core antenna polypeptide CP 47 of photosystem II. The SDS-PAGE polypeptide profile of thylakoids indicates a loss of a polypeptide(s) with a molecular mass between 40 and 60 k Da by Hg2+ incubation of cells. Our results suggest that prolonged incubation of Synechococcus 6301 cells with low concentrations of Hg2+ affects the Chl a spectral properties and the structure of Chl-protein complexes.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Anbudurai PR, Pakrasi HB. 1993 Mutational analysis of the PS b I, protein of PS II in cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp PCC-6803. Z Naturforsch 48c, 267–274.
Babu TS, Sabat SC, Mohanty P. 1991 Heat induced alterations in photosynthetic electron transport and emission properties in the cyanobacterium. Spirulina platensis. J Photochem Photobiol (Biol) 12, 161–167.
Barber J, Chapman DJ, Telfer A. 1987 Characterization of a PS II reaction centre isolated from the chloroplasts of Pisum sativum. FEBS Lett 220, 67–73.
Blubaugh DJ, Govindjee. 1989 Sites of inhibition by disulfiram in thylakoid membranes. Plant Physiol 88, 1021–1025.
Brand J, Mohanty P, Fork DC. 1983 Reversible inhibition of photochemistry of photosystem II by Ca2+ removal from intact cells of Anacystis nidulans. FEBS Lett 155, 120–124.
Breton J. 1982 The 695 nm fluorescence (F695) of chlorophylls at low temperature is emitted from the acceptor of photo system II. FEBS Lett 147, 16–20.
Bryant DA. 1987 The cyanobacterial photosynthetic apparatus to those of higher plants and photosynthetic bacteria. Can Bull Fish Aquat Sci 214, 423–500.
Bullerjahn GS, Riethman HC, Sherman LA. 1985 Organization of the thylakoid membranes from the heterotrophic cyanobacterium, Aphanocapsa 6714. Biochim Biophys Acta 81, 148–157.
Cho F, Govindjee. 1970 Fluorescence spectra of Anacystis in the 295–77 K range. Biochim Biophys Acta 250, 150–160.
Fork DC, Mohanty P. 1986 Fluorescence and other characteristics of blue-green algae (cyanobacterial, red algae and cryptomonads. In: Govindjee, Amsez J, Fork DC, eds. Light Emission by Plants and Bacteria. New York: Academic Press; 451–486.
Glazer AN. 1982 Phycobilisomes: structure and dynamics. Ann Rev Microbiol 36, 173–198.
Goedheer JC. 1968 On the low temperature spectrum of blue and red algae. Biochim Biophys Acta 153, 903–906.
Guikema JA, Sherman LA. 1983 Chlorophyll-protein organisation of membranes from the cyanobacterium. Anacystis nidulans. Arch Biochem Biophys 220, 155–166.
Katoh S. 1988 Photosystem I and photosystem II preparations from thermophyllic Synechococcus. Methods Enzymol 167, 263–268.
Krey A, Govindjee. 1966 Fluorescence studies on red alga Porphyridium cruentum. Biochim Biophys Acta 120, 1–8.
Laemmli UK. 1970 Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophate T4. Nature 227, 680–685.
Mackinney G. 1941 Absorption of light by chlorophyll solutions. J Biochem 140, 315–322.
Mohanty P, Mar T, Govindjee. 1971 Action of hydroxylamine on the red alga Porphyridium Cruentum. Biochim Biophys Acta 253, 213–221.
Mohanty P, Brand J, Fork DC. 1985 Calcium deletion alters, energy transfer and prevents state changes in intact Anacystis cells. Photosynthesis Res 6, 346–361.
Mondori A, Melis A. 1986 Cyanobacterial acclimation to photosystem I or photosystem II light. Plant Physiol 85, 185–189.
Murthy SDS, Bukhov NG, Mohanty P. 1990 Mercury induced alterations in chlorophyll a fluorescence kinetics in cyanobacteria: multiple effect of mercury on electron transfer J Photochem Photobiol (Biol) 6, 6373–380.
Murthy SDS, Mohanty P. 1991a Inhibitory effects of heavy metal ions on bioenergetic processes. In: Singhal GS, Ramasarma T, eds. Trends in Bioenergetics and Biotechnological Processes. New Delhi: Today & Tomorrow Publishers; 185–196.
Murthy SDS, Mohanty P. 1991b Mercury induced alteration of energy transfer in phycobilisome by selectively affecting the pigment protein, phycocyanin in the cyanobacterium, Spirulina platensis. Plant Cell Physiol 32, 231–237.
Murthy SDS, Mohanty P. 1993a Time dependent alterations in the antenna pigment-protein complex by mercury ions in the cyanobacterium Spirulina platensis. BioMet 6, 45–48.
Murthy SDS, Mohanty P. 1993b Mercury ions inhibit photosynthetic electron transport at multiple sites in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus 6301. J Biosci 18, 355–360.
Nanba O, Satoh K. 1987 Isolation of a photosystem II reaction centre consisting of a D-I and D-2 polypeptides and cytochrome b 559. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 841, 109–112.
Nakatani NY, Ke B, Dolon E, Arntzen CJ. 1984 Identification of photosystem II reaction centre polypeptide. Biochim Biophys Acta 765, 374–382.
Pakrasi HB, Vermaas WFJ. 1992 Protein engineering of Photosystem II. In: Barber J, ed. Topics in Photosynthesis: The Photosystems Structure, Function and Molecular Biology. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 1: 231–258.
Pakrasi HB, Riethmann HC, Sherman LA. 1985 Organization of pigment proteins in photosystem II complex of the cyanobacterium Anacystis nidulans R2. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 82, 6903–6907.
Papageorgiou GC. 1975 Chlorophyll fluorescence: an intrinsic probe of photosynthesis. In: Govindjee, ed. Bioenergetics of Photosynthesis. New York: Academic Press; 320–366.
Shen Jian-Ren Shen, Inoud Y. 1993 Binding and functional properties of two extrinsic components, cytochrome C and 12KDa protein in cyanobacterial photosystem II. Biochemistry 32, 1825–1832.
Singhal GS, Mohanty P, Govindjee. 1981 Effect of preheating intact cells on pigments revealed by absorption and fluorescence spectra. Z Pflanzenphysiol 103, 217–228.
Stanier RY, Kunisawa R, Mandel M, Cohen Bazire G. 1971 Purification and properties of unicellular blue-green algae (order chroococcales). Bacteriol Rev 35, 171–205.
Trebst A. 1974 Energy conservation in photosynthetic electron transport of chloroplasts. Annu Rev Plant Physiol 25, 423–458.
Vermaas WFJ, Ikeuchi M. 1991 Photosystem II In: Bogorad L, Vasil IK, eds. Cell Culture and Somatic Cell Genetics of Plants. New York: Academic Press; 25–111.
Webb, R, Punnet T. 1989 Characterization of Synechococcus sp. strain PCC 7002 spontaneous mutant strain defective in accumulation of photosystem II core chlorophyll-protein complexes. J. Bacteriol 171, 2262–2264.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Murthy, S.D.S., Mohanty, N. & Mohanty, P. Prolonged incubation with low concentrations of mercury alters energy transfer and chlorophyll (Chl) a protein complexes in Synechococcus 6301: changes in Chl a absorption and emission characteristics and loss of the F695 emission band. Biometals 8, 237–242 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00143382
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00143382