Abstract
The presence of emerging man-made contaminants in wastewater and water sources in the environment is a growing problem worldwide. Affinity chromatography is one approach that has been explored for the detection and analysis of such compounds. This approach is a chromatographic technique in which target analytes are captured based on their selective interactions with a biologically related binding agent that has been immobilized onto a support and placed within a column. Various forms of affinity chromatography have been utilized for the analysis of emerging contaminants in wastewater and the environment. Binding agents such as antibodies, molecularly imprinted polymers, and chiral stationary phases have been employed in this work, with the latter including macrocyclic antibiotics, proteins, and polysaccharide derivatives. Each of these binding agents is considered in this chapter with regards to their applications for emerging contaminants in water. Formats in which these binding agents have been used will also be described, such as off-line or online extraction, chromatographic immunoassays, and methods in which affinity chromatography has been combined with liquid chromatography, gas chromatography, and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Other binding agents, such as aptamers and boronates, will also be briefly described that may be employed in future work with affinity-based separations for the analysis of emerging contaminants in water.
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Abbreviations
- Ab:
-
Antibody
- Ag:
-
Antigen
- AGP:
-
α1-Acid glycoprotein
- BSA:
-
Bovine serum albumin
- CBH I:
-
Cellobiohydrolase I
- CSP:
-
Chiral stationary phase
- DLLME:
-
Dispersive liquid–liquid micro extraction
- ELISA:
-
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
- GC:
-
Gas chromatography
- GC-MS:
-
Gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry
- HPLC:
-
High-performance liquid chromatography
- IAC:
-
Immunoaffinity chromatography
- IgG:
-
Immunoglobulin G
- K a :
-
Association equilibrium constant
- k a :
-
Second-order association rate constant
- k d :
-
First-order dissociation rate constant
- LC:
-
Liquid chromatography
- LC-MS:
-
Liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry
- LC-MS/MS:
-
Liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry
- LLE:
-
Liquid–liquid extraction
- MIP:
-
Molecularly imprinted polymer
- MMIP:
-
Magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer
- MRM:
-
Multiple reaction monitoring
- RPLC:
-
Reversed-phase liquid chromatography
- SELEX:
-
Systemic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment
- SPE:
-
Solid-phase extraction
- SPME:
-
Solid-phase microextraction
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This work was supported, in part, through a seed grant from the University of Nebraska Research Council.
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Iftekhar, S., Ovbude, S.T., Hage, D.S. (2021). Affinity-Based Methods for the Analysis of Emerging Contaminants in Wastewater and Related Samples. In: Kumar, M., Snow, D., Honda, R., Mukherjee, S. (eds) Contaminants in Drinking and Wastewater Sources. Springer Transactions in Civil and Environmental Engineering. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4599-3_2
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