Abstract
Two sediment cores, one from the Siberian Laptev Sea shelf and another from the central Arctic Ocean were investigated with respect to the temporal distribution of planktic foraminifera as well as the species composition.
The assemblage in the Laptev Sea, which cover the time back to about 2.3 ka, is mainly comprised of species that can be related to a subtropical-subpolar biogeography and is dominated by the minute species Turborotalita clarkei. The origin of the non-polar species on the Siberian shelf remains unknown. It is suggested that these microfossils were either reworked from older sediments and/or entrained into sea-ice on other shallow Arctic shelfs, transporting them eventually to the Laptev Sea.
In contrast to the Laptev Sea the glacial and Holocene sediments from the perennially ice- covered central Arctic Ocean reveal a typical monospecific record, which is entirely made up of the polar species Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (right and left coiling forms). The relative variability of the two coiling varieties is of the order of 5%. Although this variability does not seem to be related to climate-induced environmental changes, total test concentration shows a clear signal of increasing deposition of foraminiferal tests after 7 ka. Since sea-ice and surface water conditions seem to be stable in this region, the observed increase in plankton productivity during the Holocene must be linked to changes in water mass circulation.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Aagaard, K. and E. Carmack (1989) The role of sea ice and other freshwater in the arctic circulation. J. Geophys. Res., 94, 14, 485–14, 498.
Abelmann, A. (1992) Diatom assemblage in Arctic sea-ice - indicator for ice-drift pathways. Deep-Sea Research, 39, S525-S538.
Alabyan, A.M., R.S. Chalov, V.N. Korotaev, A.Y. Sidorchuk and A.A. Zaitsev (1995) Natural and technogenic water and sediment supply to the Laptev Sea. Reports on Polar Research, 176, 265–271.
Aré, F.E. (1988) Thermal abrasions of sea coasts (parts I and II). Polar Geography and Geology, 12, 1–157.
Baskakov, G.A., Borodachev, V.Y., Dvorkin, Y.N., Mustafin, N.V. and Yanes, A.V., 1987. Hydrological and ice conditions of the shelf zone of the Arctic seas. In: Biological resources of the Arctic and the Antarctic. Nauka, 15–48.
Bauch, H.A. (1994) Significance of variability in Turborotalita quinqueloba (Natland) test size and abundance for paleoceanographic interpretations in the Norwegian-Greenland Sea. Marine Geology, 121, 129–141.
Bauch, D., Schlosser, P. and Fairbanks, R.G., 1995. Freshwater balance and the sources of deep and bottom waters in the Arctic Ocean inferred from the distribution of H2 180. Progress in Oceanography, 35, 53–80.
Bauch, D., J. Carstens and G. Wefer (1997) Oxygen isotope composition of living Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (sin.) in the Arctic Ocean. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 146, 47–58.
Bé, A.W.H. (1960) Ecology of recent planktonic foraminifera: Part 1.- Areal distribution in the western North Atlantic. Micropaleontology, 6, 373–392.
Blaschishin, A.I., L.A. Digas and L.V. Polyak (1985) Exotic planktic microfauna in the diamict deposits of the Barents Sea and its paleogeographic significance. In: Complex studies of the Atlantic Ocean environments. 3rd Regional Conference Abstracts, Kaliningrad, 78–80 (in Russian).
Bolli, H.M. and J.B. Saunders (1985) Oligocene to Holocene low latitude planktic foraminifera. In: H.M. Bolli et al. (eds.), Plankton stratigraphy. Cambrigde University Press, 1, 155–262.
Boltovskoy, E., D. Boltovskoy, N. Correa and F. Brandini (1996) Planktic foraminifera from the southwestern Atlantic (30°-60°S): species-specific patterns in the upper 50 m. Marine Micrpaleontology, 28, 53–72.
Bradshaw, J.S. (1959) Ecology of living planktonic foraminifera in the North and Equatorial Pacific Ocean. Contributions from the Cushman Foundation for Foraminiferal Research, 10, 25–64.
Bude, S. (1997) Artengemeinschaften benthischer Foraminiferen in der Laptev-See, sibirische Arktis: Rezente Verteilungsmuster und Ökologie. Unpubl. M.Sc. thesis Kiel University, 1–46.
Coachman, L.K. and K. Aagaard (1988) Transport through Bering Strait: Annual and interannual variability. Journal of Geophysical Research, 93(C12), 15, 535–15, 539.
Coachman, L.K., K. Aagaard and R.B. Tripp (1975) Bering Strait: The regional physical oceanography. University of Washington Press.
Carstens, J. and G. Wefer (1992) Recent distribution of planktonic foraminifera in the Nansen Basin, Arctic Ocean. Deep-Sea Research, 39, 507–524.
Cremer, H. (1997) Die Diatomeen der Laptevsee (Arktischer Ozean): Taxonomie, biogeographische Verbreitung und ozeanographische Bedeutung, unpubl. M.Sc. thesis, Kiel University, 1–98.
Drachev, S.S., V.A. Savostin, V.G. Groshev and I.E. Bruni (in press) Structure and Geology of the continental shelf of the Laptev Sea, eastern Russian Arctic. Tectonophysics.
Eicken, H., E. Reimnitz, V. Alexandrov, T. Martin, H. Kassens and T. Viehoff (1997) Sea-ice processes in the Laptev Sea and their importance for sediment export. Continental Shelf Research, 17, 205–233.
Forman, S.L. and L. Polyak (1997) Radiocarbon content of pre-bomb marine mollusks and variations in the 14C reservoir age for coastal areas of the Barents and Kara seas, Russia. Geophysical Research Letters, 24, 885–888.
Fütterer, D.K. (1992) ARCTIC `91: The expedition ARK-VIII/3 of RV “Polarstern” in 1991. Reports on Polar Research, 107, 1–267.
Gudina, V.I. (1966) Foraminifers and stratigraphy of Quaternary deposits of the north-western Siberia. Moscow, Nauka, 132 pp.
Hald, M. and P.I. Steinsund (1996) Benthic foraminifera and carbonate dissolution in the surface sediments of the Barents and Kara seas. In: Stein, R. et al. (eds.), Reports on Polar Research. 212, 285–307.
Hemleben, C., M. Spindler O.R. and Anderson (1989) Modern planktonic foraminifera. Springer, New York.
Hemleben, C., M. Spindler O.R. and Anderson (1989) Modern planktonic foraminifera. Springer, New York.
Holmes, M.L. and J.S. Creager (1974) Holocene history of the Laptev Sea continental shelf. In: Arctic Ocean sediments, microfauna, and climatic record in the Late Cenocoic Time, Herman, Y. (ed.), 211–229.
Imbrie, J. and N.G. Kipp (1971) A new micropaleontological method for quantitative paleoclimatology: application to a Late Pleistocene Carribean core. In: The Late Cenocoic glacial ages, Turekian, K.K. (ed.), New Haven, 71–181.
Hanzlick, D. (1983) The West Spitsbergen Current: Transport, forcing and variability. PhD thesis, Univ. of Washington, 127 pp.
Kassens, H. and V.Y. Karpiy (1994) Russian-German Cooperation: The Transdrift I expedition to the Laptev Sea. Reports on Polar Research, 151, 1–168.
Kellogg, T.B. (1984) Paleoclimatic significance of subpolar foraminifera in high-latitude marine sediments. Canadian Journal of Earth Science, 21, 189–193.
Kempema, E.W., E. Reimnitz and P.W. Barnes (1989) Sea-ice sediment entrainment and rafting in the Arctic. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 59, 308–317.
Kennett, J.P. and M.S. Srinivasan (1983) Neogene planktonic foraminifera. Hutchinson Ross Publishing Company, Stroudsburg.
Khusid, T.A., N.V. Belyaeva and E.M. Potekhina (1995) Foraminiferal associations from the fjord glaciers of the Northern Island (Novaya Zemlya, Barents Sea). In: Modern and ancient microplankton of the World’s Ocean, Barash, M.S. (ed.), Moscow, Russian Academy of Sciences, 116–118.
Kipp, N.G. (1976) New transfer function for estimating past sea-surface conditions from sea-bed distribution of planktonic foraminiferal assemblages in the North Atlantic. Geological Society Memoir, 145, 3–41.
Nørgaard-Pedersen, N., R.F. Spielhagen J. Thiede and H. Kassens (in press) Central Arctic surface ocean environment during the past 80, 000 years. Paleoceanography.
Okulitch, A.V., B.G. Lopatin and H.R. Jackson (1989) Circumpolar map of the Arctic. Geological Survey of Canada, Map 1765 A.
Reimnitz, E., E.W. Kempema and P.W. Barnes (1987) Anchor ice, seabed freezing, and sediment dynamics in shallow Arctic seas. Journal of Geophysical Research, 92, 14671–14678.
Reimnitz, E., L. Marincovich Jr., M. McCormick and W.M. Briggs (1992) Suspension freezing of bottom sediment and biota in the Northwest Passage and implications for Arctic Ocean sedimentation. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 29, 693–703.
Rigor, I., (1992) Arctic Ocean buoy program. ARCOS Newsletter, 44, 1–3.
Rossak, B. (1995) Zur Tonmineralverteilung und Sedimentzusammensetzung in Oberflächensedimenten der Laptevsee, sibirische Arktis. unpubl. MSc. thesis Würzburg University/GEOMAR, 1–101.
Rudels, B. (1995) The thermohaline circulation of the Arctic and the Greenland seas. Philosophical Transactions Royal Society London, 352: 1–13.
Schauer, U., R.D. Muench, B. Rudels and L. Timokhov (1997) Impact of eastern Arctic shelf waters on the Nansen Basin intermediate layers. Journal of Geophysical Research, 102 (C2), 3371–3382.
Spiegler, D. (1996) Planktonic foraminifer Cenozoic biostratigraphy of the Arctic Ocean, Fram Strait (Sites 908–909), Yermak Plateau (Sites 910–912), and East Greenland margin (Sites 913). In: Thiede, J. et al. (eds.), Proceedings of Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, 151, 153–167.
Spielhagen, R.F., G. Bonani, A. Eisenhauer, M. Frank, T. Frederichs, H. Kassens, P.W. Kubik, A. Mangini, N. Nørgaard-Pedersen, N.R. Nowaczyk, S. Schäper, R. Stein, J. Thiede, R. Tiedemann and M. Wahsner (1997) Arctic Ocean evidence for late Quaternary initiation of northern Eurasian ice sheets. Geology, 25, 738–786.
Steuerwald, B.A. and D.L. Clark (1972) Globigerina pachyderma in Pleistocene and Recent Arctic Ocean sediments. Journal of Paleontology, 46, 573–580.
Sudakov, S.B. (1991) Report on the results of accomplishment of geological survey in the scale 1:200000 of the shelf in the Dmitriy Laptev Strait. Vniiokeangeologiya, Rosgeolfond (State Geological Archives of the Russian Federation).
Tamanova, S.W. (1971) Foraminifera of the Laptev Sea. In: NIIGA-Leningrad (NIIGA-Leningrad), Geology of the Ocean. Ministery of Geology of the USSR, Leningrad, 1, 54–63.
Timokhov, L. (1994) Regional characteristics of the Laptev and East Siberian seas: climate, topography, ice phases, thermohaline regime, circulation. In: Russian-German cooperation in the Siberian shelf seas: Geo- system Laptev Sea, Kassens, H. et al. (eds.), Reports on Polar Research, 144, 15–31.
Vilks, G. (1975) Comparison of Globorotalia pachyderma (Ehrenberg) in the water column and sediments of the Canadian Arctic. Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 5, 313–325.
Walsh, J.J., C.P. McRoy, L.K. Coachman, J. Goering, J. Nihoul, T.E. Whitledge, T.H. Blackburn, P.L. Parker, C.D. Wirick, P.G. Shuert, J.M. Gebmeier, A.M. Springer, R.D. Tripp, D.A. Hansell, S. Djenidi, E. Deleersnijder, K. Henriksen, B.A. Lund, P. Anderson, F.E. Müller-Karger and K. Dean (1989) Carbon and nitrogen cycling within the Bering/Chukchi seas: Source regions for organic matter effecting AOU demands of the Arctic Ocean. Progress in Oceanography, 22, 277–359.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1999 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Bauch, H.A. (1999). Planktic Foraminifera in Holocene Sediments from the Laptev Sea and the Central Arctic Ocean: Species Distribution and Paleobiogeographical Implication. In: Kassens, H., et al. Land-Ocean Systems in the Siberian Arctic. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60134-7_46
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60134-7_46
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-64270-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-60134-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive