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Interventional Treatment of the Chronic Ischemic Syndromes of the Lower Extremity

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PanVascular Medicine

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Abstract

Chronic lower extremity ischemia affects millions worldwide. These numbers are expected to even be higher in the future due to the rise in atherosclerotic risk factors. Because of this, it is important that physicians are able to identify at-risk patients and effectively evaluate and treat them before their disease progresses to irreversible ischemia with possible loss of limb tissue or limb function. Successfully evaluating patients with chronic ischemic syndromes is just one piece, however. There are several different treatment strategies available to combat this chronic progressive disease, including medical therapies, minimally invasive interventional techniques, and open surgery. Treatment often is based on etiology of patient disease as well as patient symptoms and progression of patient disease. The aim of this chapter is to aid physicians in effectively navigating through the care of patients with chronic ischemic syndromes leading to a decrease in morbidity and overall improvement in quality of life.

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Abbreviations

Ankle Brachial Index:

The ratio of blood pressure in the lower legs to the arms; used to predict severity of peripheral artery disease.

Atherosclerosis:

A disease in which accumulation of substances such fatty material and calcium in the wall of arteries leads to progressive thickening and narrowing.

Claudication:

Pain, weakness, or discomfort in a muscle group worsened by exercise and generally relieved by rest. Associated with inadequate blood supply.

Endofibrosis:

Non-atheromatous wall thickening of an artery and reduction in lumen caliber due to a subendothelial paucicellular fibrosis.

Thrombus:

A blood clot formed inside the lumen of a blood vessel frequently impeding blood flow.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA

    Lindsay Gates & Jeffrey Indes

  2. Stanley Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

    Sajjadh M. J. Ali

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  1. Lindsay Gates
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  2. Sajjadh M. J. Ali
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Correspondence to Lindsay Gates .

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  1. Akademisches Lehrkrankenhaus MLU, Bitterfeld-Wolfen, Germany

    Peter Lanzer

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Gates, L., Ali, S.M.J., Indes, J. (2014). Interventional Treatment of the Chronic Ischemic Syndromes of the Lower Extremity. In: Lanzer, P. (eds) PanVascular Medicine. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37393-0_190-1

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