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Spinal Retractors

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Manual of Spine Surgery
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Abstract

Open surgical retractors provide continuous, unobstructed access to surgical sites. They unavoidably push the retr­acted tissue increasing intra-tissue pressure and reducing perfusion.

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Correspondence to Luca Papavero M.D., Ph.D. .

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© 2012 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Papavero, L. (2012). Spinal Retractors. In: Vieweg, U., Grochulla, F. (eds) Manual of Spine Surgery. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22682-3_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22682-3_5

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-22681-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-22682-3

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