Abstract
A thorough examination of the knee should include the hip and ankle joints as knee pain can be secondary to pathology from the surrounding joints. The knee contains two joints: the tibiofemoral joint and patellofemoral joint. The knee joint relies on the surrounding ligaments for stability and it is important to test the ligaments during examination. While the most common diagnosis encountered in the outpatient setting may be patellofemoral pain syndrome, any acute knee injury associated with a “pop” that is felt followed by immediate swelling should be considered to be an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear until proven otherwise and require immediate medical attention.
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Reference
Magee DJ. Orthopedic physical assessment. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2013. p. 727–834.
Suggested Reading
Malanga GA, Nadler S, editors. Musculoskeletal physical examination: an evidence-based approach. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2006. p. 279–314.
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Yang, A.J., Jain, N.B. (2017). Knee. In: Yong, R., Nguyen, M., Nelson, E., Urman, R. (eds) Pain Medicine. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43133-8_17
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43133-8_17
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