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Roman Catholicism

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Religions and Extraterrestrial Life

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Abstract

In her science fiction novel The Sparrow, Mary Doria Russell takes on a religious idea that has been deeply entrenched within the monotheistic religions: special election. Are human beings, or is even a religious subgroup of humanity, specially chosen by God? Are Jews the people of the covenant? Are Christians, or certain Christians, specially selected by God to be redeemed? Have Muslims received a special promise from God? Are Mormons the chosen people? If the members of a religious group believe they have been specially blessed by their God, whom they believe is the God of and the creator of the entire universe, does their covenant with God include an obligation and burden to inform others as to how to become one of the elect? If proselytizing is part of the mission for this group of believers, how would that activity be carried out across interstellar and intergalactic distances?

Is the Bible such an inspired book that the only salvation history possible is the one that it records, and is Jesus so central a figure that all intelligent species away from earth must include knowledge of him?

Thomas F. O’Meara (O’Meara, T. F. (1999). Christian theology and extraterrestrial intelligent life. Theological Studies, 60, 3.)

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Russell, M. D. (1996). The sparrow. New York: Fawcett Columbine.

  2. 2.

    Hesburgh, T. (1977). Forward. In P. Morrison, et al. (Eds.), The search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI). NASA, as quoted in O’Meara, T. F. (2012). Vast universe: Extraterrestrials and Christian revelation (p. 15). Collegeville, MN: Liturgical Press.

  3. 3.

    Küng, H. (1984). Eternal life? (p. 224) New York: Doubleday, as quoted in Peters, T. (2003). Science, theology, and ethics (p. 126). Ashgate science and religion series.

  4. 4.

    de Concilio, J. (1889) Harmony between science and revelation (pp. 202–232). New York: Fr. Pustet & Co.

  5. 5.

    Pohle, J. (1889). Die Sternenwelt und ihre Bewohner (2nd rev. ed., p. 11). Cologne: Bachem, as quoted in O’Meara, T. F. (2012). Vast universe: Extraterrestrials and Christian revelation (p. 85). Collegeville, MN: Liturgical Press.

  6. 6.

    Ibid, (p. 86)

  7. 7.

    O’Meara, T. F. (2012). Vast universe: Extraterrestrials and Christian revelation (p. 86). Collegeville, MN: Liturgical Press.

  8. 8.

    Sacred Congregation of the Holy Office. (1962, June 30). Warning regarding the writings of Father Teilhard de Chardin. Retrieved from www.ewtn.com/library/CURIA/CDFTEILH.htm

  9. 9.

    The duties of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith are “to promote and safeguard the doctrine on the faith and morals throughout the Catholic world: for this reason everything which in any way touches such matter falls within its competence.” Oct 25, 2013. Retrieved from http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_pro_14071997_en.html

  10. 10.

    Communiqué of the Press Office of the Holy See. (1981, July 20). L’Osservatore Romano. Retrieved from www.ewtn.com/library/CURIA/CDFTEILH.htm

  11. 11.

    Allen Jr., J. L. (2009, July 28). Pope cites Teilhardian vision of the cosmos as a ‘living host.’ National Catholic Reporter.

  12. 12.

    Steinhart, E. (2008). Teilhard de Chardin and Transhumanism. Journal of Evolution and Technology, 20, 1–22.

  13. 13.

    de Chardin, P. T. (1964). The future of man (N. Denny, Trans., pp. 103–109). New York: Harper & Row.

  14. 14.

    de Chardin, P. T. (1959). The phenomenon of man (B. Wall, Trans., p. 286). New York: Harper & Brothers.

  15. 15.

    de Chardin, P. T. (1969). Reflections on original sin. In Christianity and evolution (R. Hague, Trans., p. 190). New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.

  16. 16.

    de Chardin, P. T. (1969). Fall, redemption, and geocentrism. In Christianity and evolution (R. Hague, Trans., pp. 36–44). New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.

  17. 17.

    Pope John Paul II (1996, October 22). Truth cannot contradict truth. Address of Pope John Paul II to the Pontifical Academy of Sciences. Retrieved from www.newadvent.org/library/docs_jp202tc.htm

  18. 18.

    Connell, F. J. (1967). Flying saucers and theology. In A. Michel (Ed.), The truth about flying saucers (p. 258). New York: Pyramid Books.

  19. 19.

    Zubek, T. J. (1961). Theological questions on space creatures. The American Ecclesiastical Review, 145(6), 393.

  20. 20.

    Congar, Y. (1961). The wide world is my parish. Baltimore: Helicon Press.

  21. 21.

    Galilei, G. (1989). Letter to the Grand Duchess Christina, 1615. In M. A. Finocchiaro (Ed.), The Galileo affair (p. 96). Berkeley: University of California.

  22. 22.

    As quoted in Fisher, C. L., & Fergusson, D. (2006). Karl Rahner and the extra-terrestrial intelligence question. Heythrop Journal, 47, 275.

  23. 23.

    Rahner, K. (1978). Foundations of Christian faith (pp. 445–446). New York: Seabury Press.

  24. 24.

    As quoted in O’Meara, T. F. (1999). Christian theology and extraterrestrial intelligent life. Theological Studies, 60, 19.

  25. 25.

    As quoted in Fisher, C. L., & Fergusson, D. (2006). Karl Rahner and the extra-terrestrial intelligence question. Heythrop Journal, 47, 275.

  26. 26.

    O’Meara, T. F. (1999). Christian theology and extraterrestrial intelligent life. Theological Studies, 60, 20.

  27. 27.

    Haught, J. F. (2001, December). Theology after contact: Religion and extraterrestrial intelligent life. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 950, 296–308.

  28. 28.

    Galilei, G. (1989). Letter to the Grand Duchess Christina, 1615. In M. A. Finocchiaro (Ed.). The Galileo affair (p. 93). Berkeley: University of California.

  29. 29.

    Consolmagno, G. (2000). Brother astronomer: Adventures of a Vatican scientist (pp. 106, 150–152). New York: McGraw-Hill.

  30. 30.

    The extraterrestrial is my brother. (2008, May 14). L’Osservatore Romano.

  31. 31.

    Allen Jr., J. L. (2004, February 27). This time, Catholic Church is ready. National Catholic Reporter.

  32. 32.

    Ibid.

  33. 33.

    Kereszty, R. A. (1991). Christ and possible other universes and extraterrestrial beings. In Jesus Christ: Fundamentals of theology (pp. 376–381). New York: Alba House.

  34. 34.

    Delio, I., O. S. F. (2007). Christ and extraterrestrial life. Theology and Science, 5, 3.

  35. 35.

    Ibid, [emphasis added].

  36. 36.

    Pope Francis, quoted in Heaven for atheists? Pope sparks debate. Retrieved May 23, 2013, from http://religion.blogs.cnn.com/2013/05/23/heaven-for-atheists-pope-sparks-debate/

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Weintraub, D.A. (2014). Roman Catholicism. In: Religions and Extraterrestrial Life. Springer Praxis Books(). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05056-0_8

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